feat(authorization): add policy composition

src/BuildingBlocks/Security/Authorization/AuthorizationPolicySet.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+namespace OpenHealthOS.Security.Authorization;
+
+using OpenHealthOS.Contracts.Authorization;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Evaluates a collection of authorization policies using AND semantics.
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class AuthorizationPolicySet : IAuthorizationPolicySet
+{
+    private readonly IReadOnlyCollection<IAuthorizationPolicy> _policies;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Initializes a new instance of the
+    /// <see cref="AuthorizationPolicySet"/> class.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="policies">
+    /// The policies that must all be satisfied.
+    /// </param>
+    public AuthorizationPolicySet(
+        IEnumerable<IAuthorizationPolicy> policies)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(policies);
+
+        _policies = policies.ToArray();
+
+        if (_policies.Any(policy => policy is null))
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException(
+                "Policy collection cannot contain null policies.",
+                nameof(policies));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Determines whether all policies are satisfied.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="context">
+    /// The authorization context to evaluate.
+    /// </param>
+    /// <returns>
+    /// <see langword="true"/> when every policy is satisfied;
+    /// otherwise <see langword="false"/>.
+    /// </returns>
+    public bool IsSatisfied(AuthorizationContextDto context)
+    {
+        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(context);
+
+        return _policies.All(policy => policy.IsSatisfied(context));
+    }
+}

src/BuildingBlocks/Security/Authorization/IAuthorizationPolicySet.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+namespace OpenHealthOS.Security.Authorization;
+
+using OpenHealthOS.Contracts.Authorization;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Represents a composition of authorization policies.
+/// </summary>
+public interface IAuthorizationPolicySet
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Determines whether the authorization context satisfies all policies
+    /// in the set.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="context">
+    /// The authorization context to evaluate.
+    /// </param>
+    /// <returns>
+    /// <see langword="true"/> when all policies are satisfied;
+    /// otherwise <see langword="false"/>.
+    /// </returns>
+    bool IsSatisfied(AuthorizationContextDto context);
+}

tests/UnitTests/Authorization/AuthorizationPolicySetTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+namespace OpenHealthOS.UnitTests.Authorization;
+
+using OpenHealthOS.Contracts.Authorization;
+using OpenHealthOS.Contracts.Identity;
+using OpenHealthOS.Security.Authorization;
+using Xunit;
+
+public sealed class AuthorizationPolicySetTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void IsSatisfied_ShouldAllow_WhenAllPoliciesAreSatisfied()
+    {
+        var context = CreateContext("patient.read");
+
+        var policySet = new AuthorizationPolicySet(
+        [
+            new PermissionPolicy(new Permission("patient.read")),
+            new PermissionPolicy(new Permission("PATIENT.READ")),
+        ]);
+
+        var result = policySet.IsSatisfied(context);
+
+        Assert.True(result);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void IsSatisfied_ShouldDeny_WhenAnyPolicyIsNotSatisfied()
+    {
+        var context = CreateContext("patient.read");
+
+        var policySet = new AuthorizationPolicySet(
+        [
+            new PermissionPolicy(new Permission("patient.read")),
+            new PermissionPolicy(new Permission("patient.write")),
+        ]);
+
+        var result = policySet.IsSatisfied(context);
+
+        Assert.False(result);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void IsSatisfied_ShouldAllow_WhenPolicySetIsEmpty()
+    {
+        var context = CreateContext("patient.read");
+
+        var policySet = new AuthorizationPolicySet(
+            Array.Empty<IAuthorizationPolicy>());
+
+        var result = policySet.IsSatisfied(context);
+
+        Assert.True(result);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void IsSatisfied_ShouldThrow_WhenContextIsNull()
+    {
+        var policySet = new AuthorizationPolicySet(
+        [
+            new PermissionPolicy(new Permission("patient.read")),
+        ]);
+
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(
+            () => policySet.IsSatisfied(null!));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Constructor_ShouldThrow_WhenPoliciesIsNull()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(
+            () => new AuthorizationPolicySet(null!));
+    }
+
+    private static AuthorizationContextDto CreateContext(
+        string permission)
+    {
+        return new AuthorizationContextDto
+        {
+            Identity = new IdentityContextDto
+            {
+                SubjectId = "test-user",
+                PrincipalType = PrincipalType.User,
+            },
+            Permission = new Permission(permission),
+            ResourceType = "Patient",
+        };
+    }
+}