Sync django-migrations with the updated tutorial

django-migrations/README.md

@@ -4,12 +4,21 @@ This directory contains the Django project created in the article [Django Migrat
 
 It is also used in the follow up article [Digging Deeper into Migrations](https://realpython.com/digging-deeper-into-migrations/).
 
-**Note:** The code in this directory has been reformatted with black and might therefore differ slightly in codestyle from the code originally generated by Django.
+**Note:** The code in this directory has been reformatted with Ruff and might therefore differ slightly in codestyle from the code originally generated by Django.
 
 ## Installation
 
-This Project has been tested with Python 3.6 and Django 2.1, but you should be able to run it with an Django 2.x and a compatible Python. The recommended way to install it is using `pip` and a virtualenv:
+This project has been tested with Python 3.14 and Django 6.1. The recommended way to install it is using `pip` and a virtual environment:
 
-    $ python3 -m venv .venv
-    $ source .venv/bin/activate
-    (.venv) $ pip install "Django==2.*"
+```console
+$ python3 -m venv .venv
+$ source .venv/bin/activate
+(.venv) $ python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
+```
+
+Then change into the `bitcoin_tracker/` directory and apply the migrations to the bundled SQLite database:
+
+```console
+(.venv) $ cd bitcoin_tracker
+(.venv) $ python manage.py migrate
+```

django-migrations/bitcoin_tracker/bitcoin_tracker/asgi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+ASGI config for bitcoin_tracker project.
+
+It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/howto/deployment/asgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "bitcoin_tracker.settings")
+
+application = get_asgi_application()

django-migrations/bitcoin_tracker/bitcoin_tracker/settings.py

@@ -1,23 +1,23 @@
 """
 Django settings for bitcoin_tracker project.
 
-Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.1.5.
+Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 6.1.
 
 For more information on this file, see
-https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/settings/
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/topics/settings/
 
 For the full list of settings and their values, see
-https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/ref/settings/
 """
 
-import os
+from pathlib import Path
 
-# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
-BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
+BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
 
 
 # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
-# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
+# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
 
 # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
 SECRET_KEY = "dyf)n0fejvk73!&k5_uq4ce7=e6-0+7sy)rm$w=@rg_!xk!5n3"
@@ -59,61 +59,70 @@
         "APP_DIRS": True,
         "OPTIONS": {
             "context_processors": [
-                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
                 "django.template.context_processors.request",
                 "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
                 "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
-            ]
+            ],
         },
-    }
+    },
 ]
 
 WSGI_APPLICATION = "bitcoin_tracker.wsgi.application"
 
 
 # Database
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/ref/settings/#databases
 
 DATABASES = {
     "default": {
         "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
-        "NAME": os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "db.sqlite3"),
+        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "db.sqlite3",
     }
 }
 
 
 # Password validation
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
 
 AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
     {
-        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator"
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
     },
-    {"NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator"},
     {
-        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator"
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
     },
     {
-        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator"
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
     },
 ]
 
 
 # Internationalization
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/topics/i18n/
 
 LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"
 
 TIME_ZONE = "UTC"
 
 USE_I18N = True
 
-USE_L10N = True
-
 USE_TZ = True
 
 
 # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/howto/static-files/
+
+STATIC_URL = "static/"
 
-STATIC_URL = "/static/"
+
+# Email
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/topics/email/#topic-email-configuration
+
+MAILERS = {
+    "default": {
+        "BACKEND": "django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend",
+    },
+}

django-migrations/bitcoin_tracker/bitcoin_tracker/urls.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-"""bitcoin_tracker URL Configuration
+"""
+URL configuration for bitcoin_tracker project.
 
 The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
-    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/
+    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/topics/http/urls/
 Examples:
 Function views
     1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
@@ -17,4 +18,6 @@
 from django.contrib import admin
 from django.urls import path
 
-urlpatterns = [path("admin/", admin.site.urls)]
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
+]

django-migrations/bitcoin_tracker/bitcoin_tracker/wsgi.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
 
 For more information on this file, see
-https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/wsgi/
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/6.1/howto/deployment/wsgi/
 """
 
 import os

django-migrations/bitcoin_tracker/historical_data/migrations/0001_initial.py

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-# Generated by Django 2.1.5 on 2019-02-05 20:23
+# Generated by Django 6.1 on 2026-09-16 14:49
 
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
     initial = True
 
     dependencies = []
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ class Migration(migrations.Migration):
             fields=[
                 (
                     "id",
-                    models.AutoField(
+                    models.BigAutoField(
                         auto_created=True,
                         primary_key=True,
                         serialize=False,
@@ -26,5 +25,5 @@ class Migration(migrations.Migration):
                 ("price", models.DecimalField(decimal_places=2, max_digits=7)),
                 ("volume", models.PositiveIntegerField()),
             ],
-        )
+        ),
     ]

django-migrations/bitcoin_tracker/historical_data/migrations/0002_switch_to_decimals.py

@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
-# Generated by Django 2.1.5 on 2019-02-05 20:26
+# Generated by Django 6.1 on 2026-09-16 14:49
 
 from django.db import migrations, models
 
 
 class Migration(migrations.Migration):
-
-    dependencies = [("historical_data", "0001_initial")]
+    dependencies = [
+        ("historical_data", "0001_initial"),
+    ]
 
     operations = [
         migrations.AlterField(
             model_name="pricehistory",
             name="volume",
             field=models.DecimalField(decimal_places=3, max_digits=7),
-        )
+        ),
     ]

django-migrations/bitcoin_tracker/manage.py

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
+"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
+
 import os
 import sys
 
-if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+def main():
+    """Run administrative tasks."""
     os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "bitcoin_tracker.settings")
     try:
         from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
@@ -13,3 +17,7 @@
             "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
         ) from exc
     execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

django-migrations/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+asgiref==3.12.1
+Django==6.1
+sqlparse==0.6.0