feat: add HTTP client

[algebraic-dev]

This PR adds an Client structure that provides a transport agnostic layer on top of a Connection that handles redirects.

• Foundation: feat: add HTTP client foundation and configuration #14546
• Connection: feat: add HTTP client connection #14547
• Agent: feat: add HTTP client #14548

[mathlib-lean-pr-testing]

Mathlib CI status (docs):

• ❗ Batteries/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto 0bfc3acaef4ed0576307a77fbaa0c6e1a5dca402. You can force Mathlib CI using the force-mathlib-ci label. (2026-07-27 16:01:17)
• ❗ Batteries/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto 945e78b86645b179655123cd2fdba83d89d28d07. You can force Mathlib CI using the force-mathlib-ci label. (2026-08-04 23:11:36)
• ❗ Batteries/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto f2bcf2e8660ab2d16cf3cb50c8e127de0439a337. You can force Mathlib CI using the force-mathlib-ci label. (2026-08-05 16:54:53)
• ❗ Batteries/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto c4e6b62c3d955ef20da94310797072f7c4c5fa2b. You can force Mathlib CI using the force-mathlib-ci label. (2026-08-06 15:47:34)
• ❗ Batteries/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto 87e7204456bfca901bdc724c996030e13c2f80c6. You can force Mathlib CI using the force-mathlib-ci label. (2026-08-08 13:37:26)

[leanprover-bot]

Reference manual CI status:

• ❗ Reference manual CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-manual branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto 0bfc3acaef4ed0576307a77fbaa0c6e1a5dca402. You can force reference manual CI using the force-manual-ci label. (2026-07-27 16:01:19)
• ❗ Reference manual CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-manual branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto 23393b959b33e3a8d15796b2397f8a04c315b9f4. You can force reference manual CI using the force-manual-ci label. (2026-08-04 23:11:37)
• ❗ Reference manual CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-manual branch. Try git rebase 6832de296014011d0f126e3fa32a8366b5299b35 --onto c4e6b62c3d955ef20da94310797072f7c4c5fa2b. You can force reference manual CI using the force-manual-ci label. (2026-08-06 15:47:35)