test(core): stabilize release gate timeouts

[jb-thery]

Summary

• Align source-catalog and concurrent-ingest test budgets with their measured integration work.
• Align exact-path fallback coverage with its measured 91-file ingestion workload.
• Preserve every product assertion and the stricter child-process timeout guards.

Release highlights:

• Keep protected release gates reliable under concurrent CI load.

Release details:

• Give source-catalog ingestion 15 seconds and concurrent CLI ingestion 30 seconds.
• Give exact-path fallback coverage 20 seconds without changing its retrieval assertions.

Verification:

• Run the source-catalog and lock test files three times.
• Run exact-path fallback three times, including a valid 9.6-second execution.
• Pass Core coverage twice: 55 files and 546 tests.
• Verify signed commits and Commitlint.