diff --git a/internal/model/parse.go b/internal/model/parse.go
index 5b2df1b..de22f8e 100644
--- a/internal/model/parse.go
+++ b/internal/model/parse.go
@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ import (
 )
 
 // ParseError describes why a model's stdout couldn't be parsed.
-// Kind narrows the cause for actionable error messages; Raw is a
-// truncated copy of the offending output for debug surfaces.
+// Kind narrows the cause for actionable error messages; Raw is the FULL
+// offending output, retained untruncated so it can be surfaced for
+// diagnosis (diffsmith-2xy). Error() prints only a bounded snippet of it;
+// callers wanting the whole payload read Raw directly.
 type ParseError struct {
 	Kind  string // "prose_preamble" | "invalid_json" | "wrong_shape"
 	Raw   string
@@ -18,10 +20,18 @@ type ParseError struct {
 }
 
 func (e *ParseError) Error() string {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf("parse model output (%s)", e.Kind)
 	if e.Cause != nil {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("parse model output (%s): %v", e.Kind, e.Cause)
+		msg += ": " + e.Cause.Error()
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("parse model output (%s)", e.Kind)
+	// Surface a bounded snippet of the raw output. Adapters wrap this
+	// error with %w and the dropped-model run summary prints it with %v,
+	// so without this a model that returned garbage leaves no trace of
+	// what it actually said. The full payload stays on Raw.
+	if e.Raw != "" {
+		msg += fmt.Sprintf(" [raw: %s]", truncate(e.Raw, 200))
+	}
+	return msg
 }
 
 func (e *ParseError) Unwrap() error { return e.Cause }
@@ -41,7 +51,7 @@ func ParseFindings(raw []byte) ([]review.FindingCandidate, error) {
 	trimmed := stripWrapper(string(raw))
 
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "{") {
-		return nil, &ParseError{Kind: "prose_preamble", Raw: truncate(trimmed, 200)}
+		return nil, &ParseError{Kind: "prose_preamble", Raw: trimmed}
 	}
 
 	// Findings is a pointer so we can distinguish "key missing" (nil
@@ -56,14 +66,14 @@ func ParseFindings(raw []byte) ([]review.FindingCandidate, error) {
 	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(trimmed), &envelope); err != nil {
 		return nil, &ParseError{
 			Kind:  "invalid_json",
-			Raw:   truncate(trimmed, 200),
+			Raw:   trimmed,
 			Cause: err,
 		}
 	}
 	if envelope.Findings == nil {
 		return nil, &ParseError{
 			Kind: "wrong_shape",
-			Raw:  truncate(trimmed, 200),
+			Raw:  trimmed,
 		}
 	}
 	return *envelope.Findings, nil
diff --git a/internal/model/parse_test.go b/internal/model/parse_test.go
index 69ea21b..2992a66 100644
--- a/internal/model/parse_test.go
+++ b/internal/model/parse_test.go
@@ -2,9 +2,42 @@ package model
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
 
+// TestParseErrorPreservesFullRawOutput is diffsmith-2xy: when a model
+// emits unparseable output, the FULL raw payload must be retained (not
+// truncated) so it can be surfaced for diagnosis. Previously Raw was
+// clipped to 200 chars, discarding the rest of the evidence.
+func TestParseErrorPreservesFullRawOutput(t *testing.T) {
+	raw := []byte(`{"findings":[` + strings.Repeat("x", 400) + `TAIL_MARKER`)
+	_, err := ParseFindings(raw)
+	var pe *ParseError
+	if !errors.As(err, &pe) {
+		t.Fatalf("want *ParseError, got %T: %v", err, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(pe.Raw, "TAIL_MARKER") {
+		t.Errorf("Raw must preserve the full output (len %d); the tail past 200 chars was dropped", len(pe.Raw))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestParseErrorMessageIncludesRawSnippet ensures the error STRING carries
+// a snippet of the offending output. Adapters wrap this error with %w and
+// the dropped-model run summary prints it with %v, so without a snippet a
+// user whose model returned garbage sees no bytes of that garbage.
+func TestParseErrorMessageIncludesRawSnippet(t *testing.T) {
+	raw := []byte(`{"oops": SNIPPET_MARKER not valid json`)
+	_, err := ParseFindings(raw)
+	var pe *ParseError
+	if !errors.As(err, &pe) {
+		t.Fatalf("want *ParseError, got %T: %v", err, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(pe.Error(), "SNIPPET_MARKER") {
+		t.Errorf("Error() should include a raw snippet for diagnosis; got %q", pe.Error())
+	}
+}
+
 func TestParseFindingsHappy(t *testing.T) {
 	raw := []byte(`{
 		"findings": [