diff --git a/Lib/http/server.py b/Lib/http/server.py
index ebc85052aecb900..99bcfd2a0410cc7 100644
--- a/Lib/http/server.py
+++ b/Lib/http/server.py
@@ -547,17 +547,22 @@ def send_response_only(self, code, message=None):
                     message = ''
             if not hasattr(self, '_headers_buffer'):
                 self._headers_buffer = []
-            self._headers_buffer.append(("%s %d %s\r\n" %
-                    (self.protocol_version, code, message)).encode(
-                        'latin-1', 'strict'))
+            line = "%s %d %s\r\n" % (self.protocol_version, code, message)
+            if '\r' in line[:-2] or '\n' in line[:-2]:
+                raise ValueError("CR and LF characters are not allowed "
+                                 "in the response reason phrase")
+            self._headers_buffer.append(line.encode('latin-1', 'strict'))
 
     def send_header(self, keyword, value, *, _is_extra=False):
         """Send a MIME header to the headers buffer."""
         if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9':
             if not hasattr(self, '_headers_buffer'):
                 self._headers_buffer = []
-            self._headers_buffer.append(
-                ("%s: %s\r\n" % (keyword, value)).encode('latin-1', 'strict'))
+            line = "%s: %s\r\n" % (keyword, value)
+            if '\r' in line[:-2] or '\n' in line[:-2]:
+                raise ValueError("CR and LF characters are not allowed "
+                                 "in HTTP header names or values")
+            self._headers_buffer.append(line.encode('latin-1', 'strict'))
             if not hasattr(self, '_default_response_headers'):
                 self._default_response_headers = []
             if not _is_extra:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py b/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py
index d4ae032610a91e2..477076609244009 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_httpservers.py
@@ -1184,6 +1184,29 @@ def test_header_buffering_of_send_header(self):
         self.assertEqual(output.getData(), b'Foo: foo\r\nbar: bar\r\n\r\n')
         self.assertEqual(output.numWrites, 1)
 
+    def test_send_header_rejects_crlf(self):
+        handler = SocketlessRequestHandler()
+        handler.wfile = BytesIO()
+        handler.request_version = 'HTTP/1.1'
+
+        for keyword, value in (
+            ('Foo', 'bar\r\nSet-Cookie: injected=1'),
+            ('Foo', 'bar\nSet-Cookie: injected=1'),
+            ('Foo', 'bar\rSet-Cookie: injected=1'),
+            ('Foo\r\nEvil', 'bar'),
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(keyword=keyword, value=value):
+                with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+                    handler.send_header(keyword, value)
+
+    def test_send_response_only_rejects_crlf(self):
+        handler = SocketlessRequestHandler()
+        handler.wfile = BytesIO()
+        handler.request_version = 'HTTP/1.1'
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            handler.send_response_only(200, 'OK\r\nX-Injected: yes')
+
     def test_header_unbuffered_when_continue(self):
 
         def _readAndReseek(f):
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2026-05-31-12-00-00.gh-issue-150679.Hn3Wp9.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2026-05-31-12-00-00.gh-issue-150679.Hn3Wp9.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..f90c3af2d9f3e24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Security/2026-05-31-12-00-00.gh-issue-150679.Hn3Wp9.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:meth:`~http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler.send_header` and
+:meth:`~http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler.send_response_only` now raise
+:exc:`ValueError` when a header name, header value or the response reason
+phrase contains a carriage return or line feed, preventing response
+splitting and header injection.