diff --git a/test/parallel/test-sea-assets-not-in-sea.js b/test/parallel/test-sea-assets-not-in-sea.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..957c452f44ad8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-sea-assets-not-in-sea.js
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+'use strict';
+
+require('../common');
+
+const { getRawAsset, getAsset, getAssetAsBlob } = require('node:sea');
+const assert = require('node:assert');
+
+const invalidKeyArgs = [1, 1n, Symbol(), false, null, undefined, {}, []];
+const notInSeaError = {
+  code: 'ERR_NOT_IN_SINGLE_EXECUTABLE_APPLICATION',
+  name: 'Error',
+};
+
+// getRawAsset
+for (const arg of invalidKeyArgs) {
+  assert.throws(() => getRawAsset(arg), { code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE', name: 'TypeError' });
+}
+assert.throws(() => getRawAsset('foo'), notInSeaError);
+
+// getAsset
+for (const arg of invalidKeyArgs) {
+  assert.throws(() => getAsset(arg), { code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE', name: 'TypeError' });
+}
+for (const arg of [1, 1n, Symbol(), false, null, {}, []]) {
+  assert.throws(() => getAsset('foo', arg), { code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE', name: 'TypeError' });
+}
+assert.throws(() => getAsset('foo'), notInSeaError);
+assert.throws(() => getAsset('foo', 'utf8'), notInSeaError);
+assert.throws(() => getAsset('foo', undefined), notInSeaError);
+
+// getAssetAsBlob
+for (const arg of invalidKeyArgs) {
+  assert.throws(() => getAssetAsBlob(arg), { code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE', name: 'TypeError' });
+}
+assert.throws(() => getAssetAsBlob('foo'), notInSeaError);
+assert.throws(() => getAssetAsBlob('foo', {}), notInSeaError);
+assert.throws(() => getAssetAsBlob('foo', { type: 'text/plain' }), notInSeaError);