diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 1c7ffb11454f7..a85dc4dd39dbc 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -263,15 +263,15 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
       - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
         with:
-          node-version: '>=22.16.0'
+          node-version: '>=22.18.0'
       - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-go
       - run: npm ci
       - run: npx hereby generate
       - run: npx hereby generate:enums
       - run: npx hereby generate:ast
       - run: npx hereby generate:vendor
-      - run: node --experimental-strip-types ./tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/fetchModel.mts
-      - run: node --experimental-strip-types ./tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/generate.mts
+      - run: node ./tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/fetchModel.mts
+      - run: node ./tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/generate.mts
       - run: npx hereby generate:extension
       - run: npx hereby check:scripts
       - run: git add .
@@ -310,6 +310,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-go
       - run: npm ci
       - run: go -C ./tools run ./cmd/checkmodpaths "$PWD"
+      - run: npx hereby check:herebyfile
       - run: npx hereby check:scripts
       - run: npx hereby typescript:check-platforms
 
diff --git a/Herebyfile.mjs b/Herebyfile.mjs
index 361b819ba9240..0f312902df2e8 100644
--- a/Herebyfile.mjs
+++ b/Herebyfile.mjs
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 import AdmZip from "adm-zip";
 import chokidar from "chokidar";
-import { $ as _$ } from "execa";
-import { glob } from "glob";
 import { task } from "hereby";
 import assert from "node:assert";
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
@@ -11,12 +9,15 @@ import fs from "node:fs";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import url from "node:url";
-import { parseArgs } from "node:util";
-import pLimit from "p-limit";
-import pc from "picocolors";
+import {
+    parseArgs,
+    styleText,
+} from "node:util";
 import * as tar from "tar";
-import tmp from "tmp";
-import which from "which";
+import {
+    x,
+    xSync,
+} from "tinyexec";
 
 if (process.platform === "win32") {
     process.chdir(fs.realpathSync.native(process.cwd()));
@@ -27,8 +28,48 @@ const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename);
 
 const isCI = !!process.env.CI || !!process.env.TF_BUILD;
 
-const $pipe = _$({ verbose: "short" });
-const $ = _$({ verbose: "short", stdio: "inherit" });
+/**
+ * @typedef {{
+ *   captureOutput?: boolean;
+ *   cwd?: string;
+ *   env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
+ *   signal?: AbortSignal;
+ * }} RunOptions
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} arg
+ */
+function formatCommandArg(arg) {
+    return arg && /^[\w@%+=:,./-]+$/.test(arg) ? arg : JSON.stringify(arg);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} command
+ * @param {readonly string[]} [args]
+ * @param {RunOptions} [options]
+ */
+function run(command, args = [], options = {}) {
+    console.log("$ " + [command, ...args].map(formatCommandArg).join(" "));
+    return x(command, args, {
+        throwOnError: true,
+        ...(options.signal ? { signal: options.signal } : {}),
+        nodeOptions: {
+            cwd: options.cwd,
+            env: options.env ? { ...process.env, ...options.env } : undefined,
+            stdio: options.captureOutput ? "pipe" : "inherit",
+        },
+    });
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string} command
+ * @param {readonly string[]} [args]
+ * @param {Omit<RunOptions, "captureOutput">} [options]
+ */
+function runOutput(command, args, options) {
+    return run(command, args, { ...options, captureOutput: true });
+}
 
 /**
  * @param {string} name
@@ -142,17 +183,64 @@ function memoize(fn) {
     };
 }
 
-const tools = new Map([
-    ["gotest.tools/gotestsum", "latest"],
-]);
+/**
+ * @param {string} pattern
+ * @param {string[]} [exclude]
+ */
+async function globFiles(pattern, exclude) {
+    const files = [];
+    const absolute = path.isAbsolute(pattern);
+    for await (const entry of fs.promises.glob(pattern, { exclude, withFileTypes: true })) {
+        if (entry.isFile()) {
+            const file = path.join(entry.parentPath, entry.name);
+            files.push(absolute ? file : path.relative(process.cwd(), file));
+        }
+    }
+    return files;
+}
 
 /**
- * @param {string} tool
+ * @param {(() => Promise<void>)[]} tasks
+ * @param {number} concurrency
  */
-function isInstalled(tool) {
-    return !!which.sync(tool, { nothrow: true });
+async function runWithConcurrencyLimit(tasks, concurrency) {
+    const queue = tasks.values();
+    /** @type {unknown[]} */
+    const errors = [];
+    const workers = Array.from({ length: Math.min(concurrency, tasks.length) }, async () => {
+        for (const task of queue) {
+            try {
+                await task();
+            }
+            catch (error) {
+                errors.push(error);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+    await Promise.all(workers);
+    if (errors.length === 1) {
+        throw errors[0];
+    }
+    if (errors.length > 1) {
+        throw new AggregateError(errors, `${errors.length} concurrent tasks failed`);
+    }
 }
 
+const tools = new Map([
+    ["gotest.tools/gotestsum", "latest"],
+]);
+
+const hasGotestsum = memoize(() => {
+    try {
+        return xSync("gotestsum", ["--version"], {
+            nodeOptions: { stdio: "ignore" },
+        }).exitCode === 0;
+    }
+    catch {
+        return false;
+    }
+});
+
 const builtLocal = "./built/local";
 
 const libsDir = "./tsc/internal/bundled/libs";
@@ -201,7 +289,11 @@ function buildTsc(opts) {
     opts ||= {};
     const out = opts.out ?? path.resolve("./built/local/tsc" + (process.platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""));
     const env = { ...goBuildEnv, ...opts.env };
-    return $({ cancelSignal: opts.abortSignal, env, cwd: "./tsc" })`go build ${goBuildFlags} ${opts.extraFlags ?? []} ${goBuildTags("noembed")} -o ${out} ./cmd/tsc`;
+    return run("go", ["build", ...goBuildFlags, ...(opts.extraFlags ?? []), ...goBuildTags("noembed"), "-o", out, "./cmd/tsc"], {
+        signal: opts.abortSignal,
+        env,
+        cwd: "./tsc",
+    });
 }
 
 export const tscBuild = task({
@@ -279,7 +371,7 @@ export const generate = task({
     name: "generate",
     description: "Runs go generate on the project.",
     run: async () => {
-        await $({ cwd: "./tsc" })`go generate -v ./...`;
+        await run("go", ["generate", "-v", "./..."], { cwd: "./tsc" });
     },
 });
 
@@ -287,7 +379,7 @@ export const generateExtension = task({
     name: "generate:extension",
     description: "Generates files in the extension",
     run: async () => {
-        await $`npm run -w native-preview generateLocBundle`;
+        await run("npm", ["run", "-w", "native-preview", "generateLocBundle"]);
     },
 });
 
@@ -559,7 +651,7 @@ async function runGenerateEnums() {
         console.log(`  ${def.name}: ${members.length} members → ${camelName}.enum.ts, ${camelName}.ts`);
     }
 
-    await $`dprint fmt ${generatedFiles}`;
+    await run("dprint", ["fmt", ...generatedFiles]);
     console.log("Done.");
 }
 
@@ -572,15 +664,15 @@ export const generateEnums = task({
 export const generateAST = task({
     name: "generate:ast",
     description: "Generates AST and encoder files from ast.json.",
-    run: () => $`node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings ./tools/scripts/tsc/generate.ts`,
+    run: () => run("node", ["./tools/scripts/tsc/generate.ts"]),
 });
 
 export const generateAPI = task({
     name: "generate:api",
     description: "Generates API files from internal/api/proto.go and internal/api/session.go.",
     run: async () => {
-        await $`go -C ./tools run ./gen-proto ../tsc/internal/api/proto.go ../packages/typescript/src/api/proto.generated.ts`;
-        await $`npx dprint fmt packages/typescript/src/api/proto.generated.ts`;
+        await run("go", ["-C", "./tools", "run", "./gen-proto", "../tsc/internal/api/proto.go", "../packages/typescript/src/api/proto.generated.ts"]);
+        await run("npx", ["dprint", "fmt", "packages/typescript/src/api/proto.generated.ts"]);
     },
 });
 
@@ -701,7 +793,7 @@ async function checkUnusedBaselines(trackingDir) {
         return [];
     }
 
-    const allBaselines = await glob(`${refBaseline}/**`, { nodir: true });
+    const allBaselines = await globFiles(`${refBaseline}/**`);
     const unusedBaselines = allBaselines
         .map(p => path.relative(refBaseline, p))
         .filter(p => !usedBaselines.has(p));
@@ -709,13 +801,11 @@ async function checkUnusedBaselines(trackingDir) {
     return unusedBaselines;
 }
 
-const $test = $({ env: goTestEnv, cwd: "./tsc" });
-
 /**
  * @param {string} taskName
  */
 function gotestsum(taskName) {
-    const args = isInstalled("gotestsum") ? ["gotestsum", ...goTestSumFlags, "--"] : ["go", "test"];
+    const args = hasGotestsum() ? ["gotestsum", ...goTestSumFlags, "--"] : ["go", "test"];
     return args.concat(goTestFlags(taskName));
 }
 
@@ -735,13 +825,13 @@ async function runTests() {
     // Create a tmp directory for baseline tracking if enabled
     /** @type {string | undefined} */
     let trackingDir;
-    /** @type {(() => void) | undefined} */
+    /** @type {(() => Promise<void>) | undefined} */
     let cleanupTracking;
 
     if (baselineTrackingEnabled) {
-        const tmpDir = tmp.dirSync({ prefix: "tsgo-baseline-tracking-", unsafeCleanup: true });
-        trackingDir = tmpDir.name;
-        cleanupTracking = tmpDir.removeCallback;
+        const tempTrackingDir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "tsgo-baseline-tracking-"));
+        trackingDir = tempTrackingDir;
+        cleanupTracking = () => rimraf(tempTrackingDir);
     }
 
     try {
@@ -749,19 +839,22 @@ async function runTests() {
             ...goTestEnv,
             ...(trackingDir ? { TSGO_BASELINE_TRACKING_DIR: trackingDir } : {}),
         };
-        const $testWithTracking = $({ env: testEnv, cwd: "./tsc" });
-        await $testWithTracking`${gotestsum("tests")} ./... ${isCI ? ["--timeout=45m"] : []}`;
+        const command = gotestsum("tests");
+        await run(command[0], [...command.slice(1), "./...", ...(isCI ? ["--timeout=45m"] : [])], {
+            env: testEnv,
+            cwd: "./tsc",
+        });
 
         // Check for unused baselines after tests complete
         if (trackingDir) {
             const unusedBaselines = await checkUnusedBaselines(trackingDir);
             if (unusedBaselines.length > 0) {
-                console.error(pc.red(`\nFound ${unusedBaselines.length} unused baseline file(s):`));
+                console.error(styleText("red", `\nFound ${unusedBaselines.length} unused baseline file(s):`));
                 for (const baseline of unusedBaselines.slice(0, 20)) {
-                    console.error(pc.red(`  ${baseline}`));
+                    console.error(styleText("red", `  ${baseline}`));
                 }
                 if (unusedBaselines.length > 20) {
-                    console.error(pc.red(`  ... and ${unusedBaselines.length - 20} more`));
+                    console.error(styleText("red", `  ... and ${unusedBaselines.length - 20} more`));
                 }
 
                 // Create .delete files for each unused baseline so baseline-accept can remove them
@@ -770,7 +863,7 @@ async function runTests() {
                     await fs.promises.mkdir(path.dirname(deleteFilePath), { recursive: true });
                     await fs.promises.writeFile(deleteFilePath, "");
                 }
-                console.error(pc.red(`\nRun 'hereby baseline-accept' to delete them.`));
+                console.error(styleText("red", `\nRun 'hereby baseline-accept' to delete them.`));
 
                 throw new Error(`Found ${unusedBaselines.length} unused baseline file(s). Run 'hereby baseline-accept' to delete them.`);
             }
@@ -778,13 +871,13 @@ async function runTests() {
     }
     finally {
         if (cleanupTracking) {
-            cleanupTracking();
+            await cleanupTracking();
         }
     }
 }
 
 async function runTestExtension() {
-    await $`npm test -w native-preview`;
+    await run("npm", ["test", "-w", "native-preview"]);
 }
 
 export const testTsc = task({
@@ -804,7 +897,8 @@ export const test = task({
 
 async function runTestBenchmarks() {
     // Run the benchmarks once to ensure they compile and run without errors.
-    await $test`${goTest("benchmarks")} -run=- -bench=. -benchtime=1x ./...`;
+    const command = goTest("benchmarks");
+    await run(command[0], [...command.slice(1), "-run=-", "-bench=.", "-benchtime=1x", "./..."], { env: goTestEnv, cwd: "./tsc" });
 }
 
 export const testBenchmarks = task({
@@ -814,12 +908,13 @@ export const testBenchmarks = task({
 });
 
 async function runTestTools() {
-    await $test({ cwd: path.join(__dirname, "tools") })`${gotestsum("tools")} ./...`;
+    const command = gotestsum("tools");
+    await run(command[0], [...command.slice(1), "./..."], { env: goTestEnv, cwd: path.join(__dirname, "tools") });
 }
 
 async function runTestAPI() {
-    // await $`npm run -w @typescript/typescript test:only`; // doesn't work on windows - some path escaping isn't done correctly, test runner runs no tests
-    await _$({ verbose: "short", stdio: "inherit", cwd: "./packages/typescript" })`node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings --conditions @typescript/source --test ./test/**/*.test.ts`;
+    // Running the package script doesn't work on Windows; some path escaping isn't done correctly and the test runner runs no tests.
+    await run("node", ["--conditions", "@typescript/source", "--test", "./test/**/*.test.ts"], { cwd: "./packages/typescript" });
 }
 
 export const testTools = task({
@@ -838,7 +933,7 @@ export const buildAPI = task({
     name: "build:api",
     description: "Builds @typescript/typescript JS API.",
     run: async () => {
-        await $`npm run -w @typescript/typescript build`;
+        await run("npm", ["run", "-w", "@typescript/typescript", "build"]);
     },
 });
 
@@ -847,7 +942,7 @@ export const buildAPITests = task({
     description: "Builds the @typescript/typescript JS API tests.",
     dependencies: [generateEnums, generateAPI],
     run: async () => {
-        await $`npm run -w @typescript/typescript build:test`;
+        await run("npm", ["run", "-w", "@typescript/typescript", "build:test"]);
     },
 });
 
@@ -872,7 +967,7 @@ export const testAll = task({
     },
 });
 
-const customLinterPath = "./tools/custom-gcl";
+const customLinterPath = `./tools/custom-gcl${process.platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""}`;
 const customLinterHashPath = customLinterPath + ".hash";
 
 const golangciLintPackage = memoize(() => {
@@ -890,15 +985,13 @@ const golangciLintPackage = memoize(() => {
 });
 
 const customlintHash = memoize(() => {
-    const files = glob.sync([
+    const files = fs.globSync([
         "./tools/go.mod",
         "./tools/customlint/**/*",
         "./.custom-gcl.yml",
     ], {
-        ignore: "**/testdata/**",
-        nodir: true,
-        absolute: true,
-    });
+        exclude: ["**/testdata/**"],
+    }).filter(file => fs.statSync(file).isFile()).map(file => path.resolve(file));
     files.sort();
 
     const hash = crypto.createHash("sha256");
@@ -914,15 +1007,15 @@ const customlintHash = memoize(() => {
 const buildCustomLinter = memoize(async () => {
     const hash = customlintHash();
     if (
-        isInstalled(customLinterPath)
+        fs.existsSync(customLinterPath)
         && fs.existsSync(customLinterHashPath)
         && fs.readFileSync(customLinterHashPath, "utf8") === hash
     ) {
         return;
     }
 
-    await $`go run ${golangciLintPackage()} custom`;
-    await $`${customLinterPath} cache clean`;
+    await run("go", ["run", golangciLintPackage(), "custom"]);
+    await run(customLinterPath, ["cache", "clean"]);
 
     fs.writeFileSync(customLinterHashPath, hash);
 });
@@ -945,9 +1038,9 @@ async function runLint() {
     }
 
     const resolvedCustomLinterPath = path.resolve(customLinterPath);
-    await $({ cwd: "./tsc" })`${resolvedCustomLinterPath} ${lintArgs} --config ../.golangci.yml`;
+    await run(resolvedCustomLinterPath, [...lintArgs, "--config", "../.golangci.yml"], { cwd: "./tsc" });
     console.log("Linting tools");
-    await $({ cwd: "./tools" })`${resolvedCustomLinterPath} ${lintArgs} --config ../.golangci.yml`;
+    await run(resolvedCustomLinterPath, [...lintArgs, "--config", "../.golangci.yml"], { cwd: "./tools" });
 }
 
 export const installTools = task({
@@ -955,7 +1048,7 @@ export const installTools = task({
     description: "Installs optional tools for developing within the repo.",
     run: async () => {
         await Promise.all([
-            ...[...tools].map(([tool, version]) => $`go install ${tool}${version ? `@${version}` : ""}`),
+            ...[...tools].map(([tool, version]) => run("go", ["install", tool + (version ? `@${version}` : "")])),
             buildCustomLinter(),
         ]);
     },
@@ -968,17 +1061,43 @@ export const format = task({
 });
 
 async function runFormat() {
-    await $`dprint fmt`;
+    await run("dprint", ["fmt"]);
 }
 
 export const checkFormat = task({
     name: "check:format",
     description: "Checks that the repo is formatted.",
     run: async () => {
-        await $`dprint check`;
+        await run("dprint", ["check"]);
     },
 });
 
+export const checkHerebyfile = task({
+    name: "check:herebyfile",
+    description: "Type-checks Herebyfile.mjs.",
+    run: () =>
+        run("node", [
+            "./node_modules/typescript/bin/tsc",
+            "--noEmit",
+            "--allowJs",
+            "--checkJs",
+            "--target",
+            "es2022",
+            "--lib",
+            "es2024,esnext.array,esnext.collection,esnext.iterator",
+            "--module",
+            "nodenext",
+            "--moduleResolution",
+            "nodenext",
+            "--types",
+            "node",
+            "--strict",
+            "--esModuleInterop",
+            "--skipLibCheck",
+            "Herebyfile.mjs",
+        ]),
+});
+
 const scriptTsconfigs = [
     "./tools/scripts/tsc/tsconfig.json",
     "./tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/tsconfig.json",
@@ -990,7 +1109,7 @@ export const checkScripts = task({
     run: async () => {
         for (const tsconfig of scriptTsconfigs) {
             console.log(`Type-checking ${tsconfig}`);
-            await $`tsc -p ${tsconfig}`;
+            await run("tsc", ["-p", tsconfig]);
         }
     },
 });
@@ -1009,13 +1128,13 @@ function baselineAcceptTask(localBaseline, refBaseline) {
     }
 
     return async () => {
-        const toCopy = await glob(`${localBaseline}/**`, { nodir: true, ignore: `${localBaseline}/**/*.delete` });
+        const toCopy = await globFiles(`${localBaseline}/**`, [`${localBaseline}/**/*.delete`]);
         for (const p of toCopy) {
             const out = localPathToRefPath(p);
             await fs.promises.mkdir(path.dirname(out), { recursive: true });
             await fs.promises.copyFile(p, out);
         }
-        const toDelete = await glob(`${localBaseline}/**/*.delete`, { nodir: true });
+        const toDelete = await globFiles(`${localBaseline}/**/*.delete`);
         for (const p of toDelete) {
             const out = localPathToRefPath(p).replace(/\.delete$/, "");
             await rimraf(out);
@@ -1045,7 +1164,7 @@ function getDiffTool() {
 export const diff = task({
     name: "diff",
     description: "Diffs baselines using the diff tool specified by the 'DIFF' environment variable",
-    run: () => $`${getDiffTool()} ${refBaseline} ${localBaseline}`,
+    run: () => run(getDiffTool(), [refBaseline, localBaseline]),
 });
 
 /**
@@ -1109,7 +1228,7 @@ async function watchDebounced(name, run, options) {
             running = false;
         }
         if (watching) {
-            console.log(pc.yellowBright(`[${name}] run complete, waiting for changes...`));
+            console.log(styleText("yellowBright", `[${name}] run complete, waiting for changes...`));
             await promise;
         }
     }
@@ -1143,9 +1262,9 @@ async function watchDebounced(name, run, options) {
      */
     function beginRun(path) {
         if (debouncer.empty) {
-            console.log(pc.yellowBright(`[${name}] changed due to '${path}', restarting...`));
+            console.log(styleText("yellowBright", `[${name}] changed due to '${path}', restarting...`));
             if (running) {
-                console.log(pc.yellowBright(`[${name}] aborting in-progress run...`));
+                console.log(styleText("yellowBright", `[${name}] aborting in-progress run...`));
             }
             abortController.abort();
             abortController = new AbortController();
@@ -1165,7 +1284,7 @@ async function watchDebounced(name, run, options) {
     function endWatchMode() {
         if (watching) {
             watching = false;
-            console.log(pc.yellowBright(`[${name}] exiting watch mode...`));
+            console.log(styleText("yellowBright", `[${name}] exiting watch mode...`));
             abortController.abort();
             watcher.close();
         }
@@ -1316,7 +1435,7 @@ async function sign(filelist, unchangedOutputOkay = false) {
     console.log("filelist:", data);
 
     if (!process.env.MBSIGN_APPFOLDER) {
-        console.log(pc.yellow("Faking signing because MBSIGN_APPFOLDER is not set."));
+        console.log(styleText("yellow", "Faking signing because MBSIGN_APPFOLDER is not set."));
 
         // Fake signing for testing.
 
@@ -1427,7 +1546,7 @@ async function sign(filelist, unchangedOutputOkay = false) {
     try {
         const dll = path.join(process.env.MBSIGN_APPFOLDER, "DDSignFiles.dll");
         const filelistFlag = `/filelist:${filelistPath}`;
-        await $`dotnet ${dll} -- ${filelistFlag}`;
+        await run("dotnet", [dll, "--", filelistFlag]);
     }
     finally {
         await fs.promises.unlink(filelistPath);
@@ -1783,7 +1902,7 @@ function goDistTargetToPlatform(target) {
 }
 
 async function runCheckPlatforms() {
-    const { stdout } = await $pipe`go tool dist list -json`;
+    const { stdout } = await runOutput("go", ["tool", "dist", "list", "-json"]);
     /** @type {GoDistTarget[]} */
     const goTargets = JSON.parse(stdout);
     const goTargetSet = new Set(goTargets.map(({ GOOS, GOARCH }) => `${GOOS}/${GOARCH}`));
@@ -1900,8 +2019,8 @@ async function runBuildNativePreviewPackages() {
     }
     stripSourceConditions(inputPackageJson);
 
-    const { stdout: gitHead } = await $pipe`git rev-parse HEAD`;
-    inputPackageJson.gitHead = gitHead;
+    const { stdout: gitHead } = await runOutput("git", ["rev-parse", "HEAD"]);
+    inputPackageJson.gitHead = gitHead.trim();
     inputPackageJson.publishConfig = {
         access: "public",
         tag: getPublishTag(),
@@ -1931,11 +2050,11 @@ async function runBuildNativePreviewPackages() {
     await fs.promises.copyFile("NOTICE.txt", path.join(mainPackageDir, "NOTICE.txt"));
 
     // Build JS API and copy dist into the package.
-    await $`npm run -w @typescript/typescript build`;
+    await run("npm", ["run", "-w", "@typescript/typescript", "build"]);
     await cpRecursive(path.join(inputDir, "dist"), path.join(mainPackageDir, "dist"));
 
     // Validate that .d.ts files contain no external imports (all imports must start with "." or "#").
-    const dtsFiles = await glob(`${mainPackageDir}/dist/**/*.d.ts`);
+    const dtsFiles = await globFiles(`${mainPackageDir}/dist/**/*.d.ts`);
     const importErrors = [];
     for (const dtsFile of dtsFiles) {
         const content = await fs.promises.readFile(dtsFile, "utf-8");
@@ -2004,12 +2123,11 @@ async function runBuildNativePreviewPackages() {
             await build();
             // Build machines have too little space.
             // Clear the Go build cache between platforms.
-            await $`go clean -cache`;
+            await run("go", ["clean", "-cache"]);
         }
     }
     else {
-        const buildLimit = pLimit(os.availableParallelism());
-        await Promise.all(platformBuilders.map(f => buildLimit(f)));
+        await runWithConcurrencyLimit(platformBuilders, os.availableParallelism());
     }
 }
 
@@ -2087,7 +2205,7 @@ async function runSignNativePreviewPackages() {
                 // along with a notarization step.
                 for (const p of filelistPaths) {
                     // ESRP preserves entitlements from an existing ad-hoc signature.
-                    await $pipe`go -C ./tools run ./cmd/machotool sign ${typescriptMacEntitlementsPath} ${p.path}`;
+                    await runOutput("go", ["-C", "./tools", "run", "./cmd/machotool", "sign", typescriptMacEntitlementsPath, p.path]);
 
                     const unsignedZipPath = path.join(tmp, `${p.tmpName}.unsigned.zip`);
                     const signedZipPath = path.join(tmp, `${p.tmpName}.signed.zip`);
@@ -2148,7 +2266,7 @@ async function runSignNativePreviewPackages() {
 
         for (const p of macZips) {
             await fs.promises.chmod(p.path, 0o755);
-            await $pipe`go -C ./tools run ./cmd/machotool verify ${typescriptMacEntitlementsPath} ${p.path}`;
+            await runOutput("go", ["-C", "./tools", "run", "./cmd/machotool", "verify", typescriptMacEntitlementsPath, p.path]);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2170,7 +2288,7 @@ async function runPackNativePreviewPackages() {
 
     const platforms = getPlatforms();
     await Promise.all([mainNativePreviewPackage, ...platforms].map(async ({ npmDir, npmTarball }) => {
-        const { stdout } = await $pipe`npm pack --json ${npmDir}`;
+        const { stdout } = await runOutput("npm", ["pack", "--json", npmDir]);
         const filename = JSON.parse(stdout)[0].filename.replace("@", "").replace("/", "-");
         await fs.promises.rename(filename, npmTarball);
     }));
@@ -2291,7 +2409,10 @@ async function getPublishedPlatformPackageLibDirWorker(npmPackageName) {
     }
 
     console.log(`Fetching ${npmPackageName}@${version} with npm.`);
-    const { stdout } = await $pipe({ cwd: tarballDestination, env: releasePackageEnv })`npm pack --json ${npmPackageName}@${version}`;
+    const { stdout } = await runOutput("npm", ["pack", "--json", `${npmPackageName}@${version}`], {
+        cwd: tarballDestination,
+        env: releasePackageEnv,
+    });
     const [packed] = JSON.parse(stdout);
     if (!packed.filename || typeof packed.filename !== "string") {
         throw new Error(`npm pack ${npmPackageName}@${version} did not return a filename.`);
@@ -2322,7 +2443,7 @@ async function runPackVsixExtensions() {
     }
 
     // We don't use vscode:prepublish, as that would run the build for each package below.
-    await $({ cwd: extensionDir, env: releasePackageEnv })`npm run bundle:release`;
+    await run("npm", ["run", "bundle:release"], { cwd: extensionDir, env: releasePackageEnv });
 
     let version = "0.0.0";
     if (options.forRelease) {
@@ -2361,10 +2482,16 @@ async function runPackVsixExtensions() {
 
         await fs.promises.copyFile("NOTICE.txt", path.join(thisExtensionDir, "NOTICE.txt"));
 
-        await $({ cwd: thisExtensionDir, env: releasePackageEnv })`vsce package ${version} --no-update-package-json --no-dependencies --out ${vsixPath} --target ${vscodeTarget}`;
+        await run("vsce", ["package", version, "--no-update-package-json", "--no-dependencies", "--out", vsixPath, "--target", vscodeTarget], {
+            cwd: thisExtensionDir,
+            env: releasePackageEnv,
+        });
 
         if (options.forRelease) {
-            await $({ cwd: thisExtensionDir, env: releasePackageEnv })`vsce generate-manifest --packagePath ${vsixPath} --out ${vsixManifestPath}`;
+            await run("vsce", ["generate-manifest", "--packagePath", vsixPath, "--out", vsixManifestPath], {
+                cwd: thisExtensionDir,
+                env: releasePackageEnv,
+            });
             await fs.promises.cp(vsixManifestPath, vsixSignaturePath);
         }
     }));
@@ -2439,8 +2566,8 @@ export const tidy = task({
     name: "tidy",
     description: "Tidies both Go modules and synchronizes the workspace.",
     run: async () => {
-        await $({ cwd: "./tsc" })`go mod tidy`;
-        await $({ cwd: "./tools" })`go mod tidy`;
-        await $`go work sync`;
+        await run("go", ["mod", "tidy"], { cwd: "./tsc" });
+        await run("go", ["mod", "tidy"], { cwd: "./tools" });
+        await run("go", ["work", "sync"]);
     },
 });
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 708f5a6411e26..adb31ed740824 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -12,26 +12,18 @@
                 "packages/*"
             ],
             "devDependencies": {
-                "@types/adm-zip": "^0.5.8",
-                "@types/node": "latest",
-                "@types/tmp": "^0.2.6",
-                "@types/which": "^3.0.4",
+                "@types/node": "^22.18.0",
                 "@unicode/unicode-15.1.0": "^1.6.17",
-                "adm-zip": "^0.5.17",
+                "adm-zip": "^0.6.0",
                 "chokidar": "^5.0.0",
                 "dprint": "^0.55.1",
-                "execa": "^9.6.1",
-                "glob": "^13.0.6",
                 "hereby": "^1.15.1",
-                "p-limit": "^7.3.0",
-                "picocolors": "^1.1.1",
                 "tar": "^7.5.19",
-                "tmp": "^0.2.7",
-                "typescript": "^6.0.3",
-                "which": "^6.0.1"
+                "tinyexec": "^1.3.0",
+                "typescript": "^6.0.3"
             },
             "engines": {
-                "node": ">=20.19"
+                "node": ">=22.18"
             }
         },
         "node_modules/@azu/format-text": {
@@ -1213,13 +1205,6 @@
                 "node": ">= 8"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/@sec-ant/readable-stream": {
-            "version": "0.4.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@sec-ant/readable-stream/-/readable-stream-0.4.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-831qok9r2t8AlxLko40y2ebgSDhenenCatLVeW/uBtnHPyhHOvG0C7TvfgecV+wHzIm5KUICgzmVpWS+IMEAeg==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT"
-        },
         "node_modules/@secretlint/config-creator": {
             "version": "10.2.2",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@secretlint/config-creator/-/config-creator-10.2.2.tgz",
@@ -1394,19 +1379,6 @@
                 "node": ">=20.0.0"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/@sindresorhus/merge-streams": {
-            "version": "4.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@sindresorhus/merge-streams/-/merge-streams-4.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-tlqY9xq5ukxTUZBmoOp+m61cqwQD5pHJtFY3Mn8CA8ps6yghLH/Hw8UPdqg4OLmFW3IFlcXnQNmo/dh8HzXYIQ==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/@textlint/ast-node-types": {
             "version": "15.8.0",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@textlint/ast-node-types/-/ast-node-types-15.8.0.tgz",
@@ -1493,24 +1465,14 @@
                 "@textlint/ast-node-types": "15.8.0"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/@types/adm-zip": {
-            "version": "0.5.8",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/adm-zip/-/adm-zip-0.5.8.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-RVVH7QvZYbN+ihqZ4kX/dMiowf6o+Jk1fNwiSdx0NahBJLU787zkULhGhJM8mf/obmLGmgdMM0bXsQTmyfbR7Q==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "@types/node": "*"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/@types/node": {
-            "version": "26.2.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/node/-/node-26.2.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-5IviulTZeRNp2vAJ514cc/HUlY5nZ9fCbq9DMyC52BrhFZACo3nI0R7qBxhQmo/d27NFe96ur/b7Wwxklda+kg==",
+            "version": "22.20.1",
+            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/node/-/node-22.20.1.tgz",
+            "integrity": "sha512-EANqOCF9QFyra+4pfxUcX9STKJpCLjMbObVzljIJomAWSnuSIEAvyzEU53GaajbXJEgdh0iEcPL+DGvpUd4k1Q==",
             "dev": true,
             "license": "MIT",
             "dependencies": {
-                "undici-types": "~8.3.0"
+                "undici-types": "~6.21.0"
             }
         },
         "node_modules/@types/normalize-package-data": {
@@ -1527,13 +1489,6 @@
             "dev": true,
             "license": "MIT"
         },
-        "node_modules/@types/tmp": {
-            "version": "0.2.6",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/tmp/-/tmp-0.2.6.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-chhaNf2oKHlRkDGt+tiKE2Z5aJ6qalm7Z9rlLdBwmOiAAf09YQvvoLXjWK4HWPF1xU/fqvMgfNfpVoBscA/tKA==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT"
-        },
         "node_modules/@types/vscode": {
             "version": "1.125.0",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/vscode/-/vscode-1.125.0.tgz",
@@ -1541,13 +1496,6 @@
             "dev": true,
             "license": "MIT"
         },
-        "node_modules/@types/which": {
-            "version": "3.0.4",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/which/-/which-3.0.4.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-liyfuo/106JdlgSchJzXEQCVArk0CvevqPote8F8HgWgJ3dRCcTHgJIsLDuee0kxk/mhbInzIZk3QWSZJ8R+2w==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT"
-        },
         "node_modules/@typescript/bundled-typescript": {
             "name": "typescript",
             "version": "7.0.2",
@@ -2159,13 +2107,13 @@
             ]
         },
         "node_modules/adm-zip": {
-            "version": "0.5.18",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/adm-zip/-/adm-zip-0.5.18.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-ufJnssQGbxzLNS1Ho9bCtX4rQKCCvoVuDLHoJyc3F9dOGDB4BkWs2Ci0kv53lqocAEQ/Cbi+I2XCsNYGqVYqng==",
+            "version": "0.6.0",
+            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/adm-zip/-/adm-zip-0.6.0.tgz",
+            "integrity": "sha512-XleryMhbuksdKtofnWZ9Sk+4CUTbms4Mb/EU32SZwToAyZ5RgVos/ki8n+yr0LWHOGKuakbXTuuYNHLQjhddgg==",
             "dev": true,
             "license": "MIT",
             "engines": {
-                "node": ">=12.0"
+                "node": ">=14.0"
             }
         },
         "node_modules/agent-base": {
@@ -2604,44 +2552,6 @@
                 "node": ">=18"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/cross-spawn": {
-            "version": "7.0.6",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cross-spawn/-/cross-spawn-7.0.6.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-uV2QOWP2nWzsy2aMp8aRibhi9dlzF5Hgh5SHaB9OiTGEyDTiJJyx0uy51QXdyWbtAHNua4XJzUKca3OzKUd3vA==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "path-key": "^3.1.0",
-                "shebang-command": "^2.0.0",
-                "which": "^2.0.1"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">= 8"
-            }
-        },
-        "node_modules/cross-spawn/node_modules/isexe": {
-            "version": "2.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/isexe/-/isexe-2.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-RHxMLp9lnKHGHRng9QFhRCMbYAcVpn69smSGcq3f36xjgVVWThj4qqLbTLlq7Ssj8B+fIQ1EuCEGI2lKsyQeIw==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "ISC"
-        },
-        "node_modules/cross-spawn/node_modules/which": {
-            "version": "2.0.2",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/which/-/which-2.0.2.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-BLI3Tl1TW3Pvl70l3yq3Y64i+awpwXqsGBYWkkqMtnbXgrMD+yj7rhW0kuEDxzJaYXGjEW5ogapKNMEKNMjibA==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "ISC",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "isexe": "^2.0.0"
-            },
-            "bin": {
-                "node-which": "bin/node-which"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">= 8"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/css-select": {
             "version": "5.2.2",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/css-select/-/css-select-5.2.2.tgz",
@@ -3060,33 +2970,6 @@
                 "@esbuild/win32-x64": "0.28.2"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/execa": {
-            "version": "9.6.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/execa/-/execa-9.6.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-9Be3ZoN4LmYR90tUoVu2te2BsbzHfhJyfEiAVfz7N5/zv+jduIfLrV2xdQXOHbaD6KgpGdO9PRPM1Y4Q9QkPkA==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "@sindresorhus/merge-streams": "^4.0.0",
-                "cross-spawn": "^7.0.6",
-                "figures": "^6.1.0",
-                "get-stream": "^9.0.0",
-                "human-signals": "^8.0.1",
-                "is-plain-obj": "^4.1.0",
-                "is-stream": "^4.0.1",
-                "npm-run-path": "^6.0.0",
-                "pretty-ms": "^9.2.0",
-                "signal-exit": "^4.1.0",
-                "strip-final-newline": "^4.0.0",
-                "yoctocolors": "^2.1.1"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": "^18.19.0 || >=20.5.0"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sindresorhus/execa?sponsor=1"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/expand-template": {
             "version": "2.0.3",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/expand-template/-/expand-template-2.0.3.tgz",
@@ -3149,22 +3032,6 @@
                 "reusify": "^1.0.4"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/figures": {
-            "version": "6.1.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/figures/-/figures-6.1.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-d+l3qxjSesT4V7v2fh+QnmFnUWv9lSpjarhShNTgBOfA0ttejbQUAlHLitbjkoRiDulW0OPoQPYIGhIC8ohejg==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "is-unicode-supported": "^2.0.0"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/fill-range": {
             "version": "7.1.1",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fill-range/-/fill-range-7.1.1.tgz",
@@ -3267,23 +3134,6 @@
                 "node": ">= 0.4"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/get-stream": {
-            "version": "9.0.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/get-stream/-/get-stream-9.0.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-kVCxPF3vQM/N0B1PmoqVUqgHP+EeVjmZSQn+1oCRPxd2P21P2F19lIgbR3HBosbB1PUhOAoctJnfEn2GbN2eZA==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "@sec-ant/readable-stream": "^0.4.1",
-                "is-stream": "^4.0.1"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/github-from-package": {
             "version": "0.0.0",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/github-from-package/-/github-from-package-0.0.0.tgz",
@@ -3536,16 +3386,6 @@
                 "node": ">= 14"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/human-signals": {
-            "version": "8.0.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/human-signals/-/human-signals-8.0.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-eKCa6bwnJhvxj14kZk5NCPc6Hb6BdsU9DZcOnmQKSnO1VKrfV0zCvtttPZUsBvjmNDn8rpcJfpwSYnHBjc95MQ==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "Apache-2.0",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18.18.0"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/iconv-lite": {
             "version": "0.6.3",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/iconv-lite/-/iconv-lite-0.6.3.tgz",
@@ -3698,45 +3538,6 @@
                 "node": ">=0.12.0"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/is-plain-obj": {
-            "version": "4.1.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-plain-obj/-/is-plain-obj-4.1.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-+Pgi+vMuUNkJyExiMBt5IlFoMyKnr5zhJ4Uspz58WOhBF5QoIZkFyNHIbBAtHwzVAgk5RtndVNsDRN61/mmDqg==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=12"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
-        "node_modules/is-stream": {
-            "version": "4.0.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-stream/-/is-stream-4.0.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-Dnz92NInDqYckGEUJv689RbRiTSEHCQ7wOVeALbkOz999YpqT46yMRIGtSNl2iCL1waAZSx40+h59NV/EwzV/A==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
-        "node_modules/is-unicode-supported": {
-            "version": "2.1.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-unicode-supported/-/is-unicode-supported-2.1.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-mE00Gnza5EEB3Ds0HfMyllZzbBrmLOX3vfWoj9A9PEnTfratQ/BcaJOuMhnkhjXvb2+FkY3VuHqtAGpTPmglFQ==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/is-wsl": {
             "version": "3.1.1",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-wsl/-/is-wsl-3.1.1.tgz",
@@ -3753,16 +3554,6 @@
                 "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/isexe": {
-            "version": "4.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/isexe/-/isexe-4.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-FFUtZMpoZ8RqHS3XeXEmHWLA4thH+ZxCv2lOiPIn1Xc7CxrqhWzNSDzD+/chS/zbYezmiwWLdQC09JdQKmthOw==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=20"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/istextorbinary": {
             "version": "9.5.0",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/istextorbinary/-/istextorbinary-9.5.0.tgz",
@@ -4286,36 +4077,6 @@
             "dev": true,
             "license": "ISC"
         },
-        "node_modules/npm-run-path": {
-            "version": "6.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/npm-run-path/-/npm-run-path-6.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-9qny7Z9DsQU8Ou39ERsPU4OZQlSTP47ShQzuKZ6PRXpYLtIFgl/DEBYEXKlvcEa+9tHVcK8CF81Y2V72qaZhWA==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "path-key": "^4.0.0",
-                "unicorn-magic": "^0.3.0"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
-        "node_modules/npm-run-path/node_modules/path-key": {
-            "version": "4.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-key/-/path-key-4.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-haREypq7xkM7ErfgIyA0z+Bj4AGKlMSdlQE2jvJo6huWD1EdkKYV+G/T4nq0YEF2vgTT8kqMFKo1uHn950r4SQ==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=12"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/nth-check": {
             "version": "2.1.1",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/nth-check/-/nth-check-2.1.1.tgz",
@@ -4372,22 +4133,6 @@
                 "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/p-limit": {
-            "version": "7.3.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/p-limit/-/p-limit-7.3.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-0trZaiG7Y7kN/Egy9a8j47t9osC0Tch4PaIWd9yGF6bvmlk7muExRvGNYb8sXBwEKMoNKsbNN9P8EefuQekE4Q==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "yocto-queue": "^1.2.1"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=20"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/p-map": {
             "version": "7.0.6",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/p-map/-/p-map-7.0.6.tgz",
@@ -4419,19 +4164,6 @@
                 "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/parse-ms": {
-            "version": "4.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/parse-ms/-/parse-ms-4.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-TXfryirbmq34y8QBwgqCVLi+8oA3oWx2eAnSn62ITyEhEYaWRlVZ2DvMM9eZbMs/RfxPu/PK/aBLyGj4IrqMHw==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/parse-semver": {
             "version": "1.1.1",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/parse-semver/-/parse-semver-1.1.1.tgz",
@@ -4505,16 +4237,6 @@
                 "url": "https://github.com/fb55/entities?sponsor=1"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/path-key": {
-            "version": "3.1.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-key/-/path-key-3.1.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-ojmeN0qd+y0jszEtoY48r0Peq5dwMEkIlCOu6Q5f41lfkswXuKtYrhgoTpLnyIcHm24Uhqx+5Tqm2InSwLhE6Q==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=8"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/path-scurry": {
             "version": "2.0.2",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-scurry/-/path-scurry-2.0.2.tgz",
@@ -4611,22 +4333,6 @@
                 "node": ">=10"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/pretty-ms": {
-            "version": "9.3.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/pretty-ms/-/pretty-ms-9.3.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-gjVS5hOP+M3wMm5nmNOucbIrqudzs9v/57bWRHQWLYklXqoXKrVfYW2W9+glfGsqtPgpiz5WwyEEB+ksXIx3gQ==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "parse-ms": "^4.0.0"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/pump": {
             "version": "3.0.4",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/pump/-/pump-3.0.4.tgz",
@@ -4923,29 +4629,6 @@
                 "node": ">=10"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/shebang-command": {
-            "version": "2.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/shebang-command/-/shebang-command-2.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-kHxr2zZpYtdmrN1qDjrrX/Z1rR1kG8Dx+gkpK1G4eXmvXswmcE1hTWBWYUzlraYw1/yZp6YuDY77YtvbN0dmDA==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "shebang-regex": "^3.0.0"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=8"
-            }
-        },
-        "node_modules/shebang-regex": {
-            "version": "3.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/shebang-regex/-/shebang-regex-3.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-7++dFhtcx3353uBaq8DDR4NuxBetBzC7ZQOhmTQInHEd6bSrXdiEyzCvG07Z44UYdLShWUyXt5M/yhz8ekcb1A==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=8"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/side-channel": {
             "version": "1.1.1",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/side-channel/-/side-channel-1.1.1.tgz",
@@ -5022,19 +4705,6 @@
                 "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/signal-exit": {
-            "version": "4.1.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/signal-exit/-/signal-exit-4.1.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-bzyZ1e88w9O1iNJbKnOlvYTrWPDl46O1bG0D3XInv+9tkPrxrN8jUUTiFlDkkmKWgn1M6CfIA13SuGqOa9Korw==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "ISC",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=14"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/simple-concat": {
             "version": "1.0.1",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/simple-concat/-/simple-concat-1.0.1.tgz",
@@ -5216,19 +4886,6 @@
                 "url": "https://github.com/chalk/strip-ansi?sponsor=1"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/strip-final-newline": {
-            "version": "4.0.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/strip-final-newline/-/strip-final-newline-4.0.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-aulFJcD6YK8V1G7iRB5tigAP4TsHBZZrOV8pjV++zdUwmeV8uzbY7yn6h9MswN62adStNZFuCIx4haBnRuMDaw==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/strip-json-comments": {
             "version": "2.0.1",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/strip-json-comments/-/strip-json-comments-2.0.1.tgz",
@@ -5436,6 +5093,16 @@
                 "node": ">=20.0.0"
             }
         },
+        "node_modules/tinyexec": {
+            "version": "1.3.0",
+            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tinyexec/-/tinyexec-1.3.0.tgz",
+            "integrity": "sha512-QKAl9m8gWWGHV8jZcPeym6j+XULi6tOf1mT83WYJ4Lk2ytW/uwAWkrP0uFsdoYMdueVJ0qs26wZ+23xeB4ibNQ==",
+            "dev": true,
+            "license": "MIT",
+            "engines": {
+                "node": ">=18"
+            }
+        },
         "node_modules/tmp": {
             "version": "0.2.7",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tmp/-/tmp-0.2.7.tgz",
@@ -5553,9 +5220,9 @@
             }
         },
         "node_modules/undici-types": {
-            "version": "8.3.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici-types/-/undici-types-8.3.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-j375ScV60dom+YkPFIfTLcOiPxkN/buHz5GobjLhixFuANaNs3C9l4GmrWqejgXWJ7BbJcFYpTEUkS1Ge8bpZQ==",
+            "version": "6.21.0",
+            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici-types/-/undici-types-6.21.0.tgz",
+            "integrity": "sha512-iwDZqg0QAGrg9Rav5H4n0M64c3mkR59cJ6wQp+7C4nI0gsmExaedaYLNO44eT4AtBBwjbTiGPMlt2Md0T9H9JQ==",
             "dev": true,
             "license": "MIT"
         },
@@ -5668,12 +5335,12 @@
             "license": "MIT"
         },
         "node_modules/vscode-tas-client": {
-            "version": "0.2.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vscode-tas-client/-/vscode-tas-client-0.2.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-htmjTFhOkM213OKv42cyCboc6D4vhZTdGHLb+GiNvFeK66eBdTbec2P41rgIg9YxnBgcDOlkvTElRorm3VitXw==",
+            "version": "0.3.1",
+            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/vscode-tas-client/-/vscode-tas-client-0.3.1.tgz",
+            "integrity": "sha512-UD9rTFHEpFfUQgbIVsugNYk17E5zn6JW/VGwAIDmcBWT0XvYEgb6xP9m1FamdjTEvBo4o039S/1uaropj1H9FQ==",
             "license": "MIT",
             "dependencies": {
-                "tas-client": "^0.4.0"
+                "tas-client": "^0.4.3"
             },
             "engines": {
                 "vscode": "^1.85.0"
@@ -5707,22 +5374,6 @@
                 "node": ">=18"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/which": {
-            "version": "6.0.1",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/which/-/which-6.0.1.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-oGLe46MIrCRqX7ytPUf66EAYvdeMIZYn3WaocqqKZAxrBpkqHfL/qvTyJ/bTk5+AqHCjXmrv3CEWgy368zhRUg==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "ISC",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "isexe": "^4.0.0"
-            },
-            "bin": {
-                "node-which": "bin/which.js"
-            },
-            "engines": {
-                "node": "^20.17.0 || >=22.9.0"
-            }
-        },
         "node_modules/wrappy": {
             "version": "1.0.2",
             "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wrappy/-/wrappy-1.0.2.tgz",
@@ -5804,32 +5455,6 @@
                 "buffer-crc32": "~0.2.3"
             }
         },
-        "node_modules/yocto-queue": {
-            "version": "1.2.2",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/yocto-queue/-/yocto-queue-1.2.2.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-4LCcse/U2MHZ63HAJVE+v71o7yOdIe4cZ70Wpf8D/IyjDKYQLV5GD46B+hSTjJsvV5PztjvHoU580EftxjDZFQ==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=12.20"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
-        "node_modules/yoctocolors": {
-            "version": "2.2.0",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/yoctocolors/-/yoctocolors-2.2.0.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-xYqdZFUK/VYazNl/oCDYN+3WloWQwMfZxBoiNt6qNyk+xfOdi598muWE42rNZFp1kNOiqW936q5RhUdnpqElSg==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "engines": {
-                "node": ">=18"
-            },
-            "funding": {
-                "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
-            }
-        },
         "packages/typescript": {
             "name": "@typescript/typescript",
             "version": "0.0.0",
@@ -5838,7 +5463,7 @@
                 "tsc": "bin/tsc"
             },
             "devDependencies": {
-                "@types/node": "^25.9.4",
+                "@types/node": "^22.18.0",
                 "tinybench": "^6.0.2",
                 "vscode-jsonrpc": "^9.0.0"
             },
@@ -5846,30 +5471,13 @@
                 "node": ">=16.20.0"
             }
         },
-        "packages/typescript/node_modules/@types/node": {
-            "version": "25.9.5",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/node/-/node-25.9.5.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-OScDchr2fwuUmWdf4kZ9h7PcJiYDVInhJizG/biAq3cAvqwYktuy/TYGGdZNMtNTFUP7rnb0NU4TUdm82kt4Rg==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT",
-            "dependencies": {
-                "undici-types": ">=7.24.0 <7.24.7"
-            }
-        },
-        "packages/typescript/node_modules/undici-types": {
-            "version": "7.24.6",
-            "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici-types/-/undici-types-7.24.6.tgz",
-            "integrity": "sha512-WRNW+sJgj5OBN4/0JpHFqtqzhpbnV0GuB+OozA9gCL7a993SmU+1JBZCzLNxYsbMfIeDL+lTsphD5jN5N+n0zg==",
-            "dev": true,
-            "license": "MIT"
-        },
         "packages/vscode-typescript": {
             "name": "native-preview",
             "version": "0.0.0",
             "dependencies": {
                 "@vscode/extension-telemetry": "^1.5.2",
                 "vscode-languageclient": "^10.0.1",
-                "vscode-tas-client": "^0.2.1"
+                "vscode-tas-client": "^0.3.1"
             },
             "devDependencies": {
                 "@types/vscode": "~1.125.0",
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index cde72125317de..144bf658a3476 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     "version": "0.0.0",
     "license": "Apache-2.0",
     "engines": {
-        "node": ">=20.19"
+        "node": ">=22.18"
     },
     "workspaces": [
         "packages/*"
@@ -24,23 +24,15 @@
         "setup-hooks": "node tools/scripts/link-hooks.mjs"
     },
     "devDependencies": {
-        "@types/adm-zip": "^0.5.8",
-        "@types/node": "latest",
-        "@types/tmp": "^0.2.6",
-        "@types/which": "^3.0.4",
+        "@types/node": "^22.18.0",
         "@unicode/unicode-15.1.0": "^1.6.17",
-        "adm-zip": "^0.5.17",
+        "adm-zip": "^0.6.0",
         "chokidar": "^5.0.0",
         "dprint": "^0.55.1",
-        "execa": "^9.6.1",
-        "glob": "^13.0.6",
         "hereby": "^1.15.1",
-        "p-limit": "^7.3.0",
-        "picocolors": "^1.1.1",
         "tar": "^7.5.19",
-        "tmp": "^0.2.7",
-        "typescript": "^6.0.3",
-        "which": "^6.0.1"
+        "tinyexec": "^1.3.0",
+        "typescript": "^6.0.3"
     },
     "overrides": {
         "@microsoft/applicationinsights-web-basic": "3.3.11",
@@ -53,9 +45,7 @@
         "npm": "11.17.0"
     },
     "allowScripts": {
-        "dprint@0.55.1": true,
-        "esbuild@0.28.1": true,
-        "@vscode/vsce-sign@2.0.9": true,
+        "@vscode/vsce-sign@2.1.0": true,
         "keytar@7.9.0": true,
         "dprint@0.55.2": true,
         "esbuild@0.28.2": true
diff --git a/packages/typescript/package.json b/packages/typescript/package.json
index 1cd3718a07ae6..0b4898baf3b4c 100644
--- a/packages/typescript/package.json
+++ b/packages/typescript/package.json
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@
         "#vscode-jsonrpc/node": "./vendor/vscode-jsonrpc/lib/node/main.js"
     },
     "scripts": {
-        "node": "node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings --conditions @typescript/source",
+        "node": "node --conditions @typescript/source",
         "generate": "npm run generate:ast && npm run generate:encoder && npm run generate:sync",
-        "generate:ast": "node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings ../../tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts",
+        "generate:ast": "node ../../tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts",
         "generate:encoder": "npm run node -- ../../tools/scripts/tsc/generate-encoder.ts",
         "generate:sync": "npm run node -- scripts/generateSync.ts",
         "build": "tsc -b",
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
         "test": "npm run test:only"
     },
     "devDependencies": {
-        "@types/node": "^25.9.4",
+        "@types/node": "^22.18.0",
         "tinybench": "^6.0.2",
         "vscode-jsonrpc": "^9.0.0"
     }
diff --git a/packages/typescript/scripts/generateSync.ts b/packages/typescript/scripts/generateSync.ts
index ec1cd8584ca02..fb990d546e796 100755
--- a/packages/typescript/scripts/generateSync.ts
+++ b/packages/typescript/scripts/generateSync.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env -S node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings
+#!/usr/bin/env node
 
 /**
  * Generates sync API from async API source files.
@@ -18,10 +18,9 @@
  *   - Unwrap `Promise<T>` → `T` in type references
  *
  * Usage:
- *   node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings generateSync.ts
+ *   node generateSync.ts
  */
 
-import { execaSync } from "execa";
 import {
     mkdirSync,
     readFileSync,
@@ -32,6 +31,7 @@ import {
     join,
     relative,
 } from "node:path";
+import { xSync } from "tinyexec";
 import ts from "typescript";
 
 function generatedHeader(asyncSourceRelPath: string): string {
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ function removeAsyncAwaitAndPromise(source: string, fileName: string): string {
 // ── Formatting ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 function formatFiles(paths: string[]): void {
-    execaSync("dprint", ["fmt", ...paths]);
+    xSync("dprint", ["fmt", ...paths], { throwOnError: true });
 }
 
 // ── Main ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
diff --git a/packages/typescript/src/api/node/encoder.ts b/packages/typescript/src/api/node/encoder.ts
index 0071f7970a579..5ed4bdbf71d86 100644
--- a/packages/typescript/src/api/node/encoder.ts
+++ b/packages/typescript/src/api/node/encoder.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { TextEncoder } from "node:util";
 import type {
     FileReference,
     LiteralLikeNode,
diff --git a/packages/typescript/src/api/node/node.infrastructure.ts b/packages/typescript/src/api/node/node.infrastructure.ts
index 92b2922877e2a..5ba888afac659 100644
--- a/packages/typescript/src/api/node/node.infrastructure.ts
+++ b/packages/typescript/src/api/node/node.infrastructure.ts
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ export const NODE_EXTENDED_DATA_MASK = 0x00_ff_ff_ff;
 // source file, avoiding a direct dependency on RemoteSourceFile.
 // ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
 
-// The global type is not available in earlier @types/node versions
+// The global type is not available in earlier @types/node versions.
 export interface TextDecoder {
-    decode(input?: ArrayBufferView | ArrayBufferLike): string;
+    decode(input?: Uint8Array): string;
 }
 
 export interface SourceFileInfo {
diff --git a/packages/typescript/src/api/node/wtf8.ts b/packages/typescript/src/api/node/wtf8.ts
index 45bba64a91081..6ec4165b39848 100644
--- a/packages/typescript/src/api/node/wtf8.ts
+++ b/packages/typescript/src/api/node/wtf8.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ const surrogateSecondByteMin = 0xA0;
 const surrogateSecondByteMax = 0xBF;
 const continuationByteMin = 0x80;
 const continuationByteMax = 0xBF;
+type DecodeInput = ArrayBufferView | ArrayBufferLike;
 type DecodeOptions = Parameters<TextDecoder["decode"]>[1];
 
 function isWtf8Surrogate(bytes: Uint8Array, index: number): boolean {
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ function hasSurrogateLeadByte(bytes: Uint8Array): boolean {
     return Buffer.from(bytes.buffer, bytes.byteOffset, bytes.byteLength).indexOf(surrogateLeadByte) >= 0;
 }
 
-function toUint8Array(input: NodeJS.AllowSharedBufferSource): Uint8Array {
+function toUint8Array(input: Exclude<DecodeInput, null | undefined>): Uint8Array {
     if (input instanceof Uint8Array) {
         return input;
     }
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ function toUint8Array(input: NodeJS.AllowSharedBufferSource): Uint8Array {
 }
 
 export class Wtf8Decoder extends TextDecoder {
-    override decode(input?: NodeJS.AllowSharedBufferSource, options?: DecodeOptions): string {
+    override decode(input?: DecodeInput, options?: DecodeOptions): string {
         if (input === undefined) {
             return super.decode(input, options);
         }
diff --git a/packages/vscode-typescript/package.json b/packages/vscode-typescript/package.json
index b1a6d81ecdb5c..b85446bba7a61 100644
--- a/packages/vscode-typescript/package.json
+++ b/packages/vscode-typescript/package.json
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@
     "dependencies": {
         "@vscode/extension-telemetry": "^1.5.2",
         "vscode-languageclient": "^10.0.1",
-        "vscode-tas-client": "^0.2.1"
+        "vscode-tas-client": "^0.3.1"
     },
     "devDependencies": {
         "@types/vscode": "~1.125.0",
diff --git a/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-encoder.ts b/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-encoder.ts
index fc1a67022a39d..953b55fe9d546 100644
--- a/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-encoder.ts
+++ b/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-encoder.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Encoder/decoder code generator: reads tools/scripts/tsc/ast.json and produces binary
  * encoding/decoding code for Go and TypeScript.
  *
- * Usage: node --experimental-strip-types tools/scripts/tsc/generate-encoder.ts
+ * Usage: node tools/scripts/tsc/generate-encoder.ts
  *
  * Generates:
  *   - internal/api/encoder/encoder_generated.go
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@
  *   - packages/typescript/src/api/node/protocol.generated.ts
  */
 
-import { execaSync } from "execa";
 import * as fs from "node:fs";
 import * as path from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { xSync } from "tinyexec";
 import type {
     KindType,
     MemberInfo,
@@ -1989,7 +1989,10 @@ function writeAndFormat(filePath: string, content: string, formatter: string) {
     fs.writeFileSync(filePath, content);
     try {
         const [cmd, ...args] = formatter.split(" ");
-        execaSync(cmd, [...args, filePath], { stdio: "inherit", cwd: ROOT });
+        xSync(cmd, [...args, filePath], {
+            throwOnError: true,
+            nodeOptions: { stdio: "inherit", cwd: ROOT },
+        });
     }
     catch {
         console.warn(`Warning: formatter failed for ${filePath}`);
diff --git a/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-go-ast.ts b/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-go-ast.ts
index b64a685d90d67..e85658397729c 100644
--- a/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-go-ast.ts
+++ b/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-go-ast.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Go AST code generator: reads tools/scripts/tsc/ast.json and produces internal/ast/ast_generated.go
  *
- * Usage: node --experimental-strip-types tools/scripts/tsc/generate-go-ast.ts
+ * Usage: node tools/scripts/tsc/generate-go-ast.ts
  *
  * Generates:
  *   - Struct definitions for each node kind
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
  *   - Is*() type guard functions
  */
 
-import { execaSync } from "execa";
 import * as fs from "node:fs";
 import * as path from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { xSync } from "tinyexec";
 import type {
     MemberInfo,
     NodeType,
@@ -1084,7 +1084,10 @@ function generateKind(): string {
 
 function writeAndFormat(filePath: string, content: string) {
     fs.writeFileSync(filePath, content);
-    execaSync("dprint", ["fmt", filePath], { stdio: "inherit", cwd: ROOT });
+    xSync("dprint", ["fmt", filePath], {
+        throwOnError: true,
+        nodeOptions: { stdio: "inherit", cwd: ROOT },
+    });
     console.log(`Wrote ${filePath}`);
 }
 
diff --git a/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts b/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts
index 753c7286ae094..054ac3576dd11 100644
--- a/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts
+++ b/tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@
  *   - packages/typescript/src/ast/factory.generated.ts
  *   - packages/typescript/src/ast/is.generated.ts
  *
- * Usage: node --experimental-strip-types tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts
+ * Usage: node tools/scripts/tsc/generate-ts-ast.ts
  */
 
-import { execaSync } from "execa";
 import * as fs from "node:fs";
 import * as path from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+import { xSync } from "tinyexec";
 import type {
     MemberInfo,
     NodeType,
@@ -1717,7 +1717,10 @@ function generateVisitor(): string {
 
 function writeAndFormat(filePath: string, content: string) {
     fs.writeFileSync(filePath, content);
-    execaSync("dprint", ["fmt", filePath], { stdio: "inherit", cwd: ROOT });
+    xSync("dprint", ["fmt", filePath], {
+        throwOnError: true,
+        nodeOptions: { stdio: "inherit", cwd: ROOT },
+    });
     console.log(`Generated ${filePath}`);
 }
 
diff --git a/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/fetchModel.mts b/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/fetchModel.mts
index 21957cfe5a607..ee3a9111d1441 100755
--- a/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/fetchModel.mts
+++ b/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/fetchModel.mts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env -S node --experimental-strip-types
+#!/usr/bin/env node
 
-// Usage: node --experimental-strip-types fetchModel.mts
+// Usage: node fetchModel.mts
 
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
diff --git a/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/generate.mts b/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/generate.mts
index b8466ff18d705..6f65a9af99c1e 100755
--- a/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/generate.mts
+++ b/tsc/internal/lsp/lsproto/_generate/generate.mts
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env -S node --experimental-strip-types
+#!/usr/bin/env node
 
-// Usage: node --experimental-strip-types generate.mts
+// Usage: node generate.mts
 
-import { $ } from "execa";
 import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import url from "node:url";
+import { x } from "tinyexec";
 import type {
     Enumeration,
     MetaModel,
@@ -3608,7 +3608,10 @@ async function main() {
     const generatedCode = generateCode();
     fs.writeFileSync(out, generatedCode);
 
-    await $({ cwd: repoRoot })`dprint fmt ${out}`;
+    await x("dprint", ["fmt", out], {
+        throwOnError: true,
+        nodeOptions: { cwd: repoRoot, stdio: "inherit" },
+    });
 
     console.log(`Successfully generated ${out}`);
 }
diff --git a/tsc/internal/stringutil/_scripts/generate-unicode-data.mts b/tsc/internal/stringutil/_scripts/generate-unicode-data.mts
index bd726d68026d5..0353b2141aae1 100644
--- a/tsc/internal/stringutil/_scripts/generate-unicode-data.mts
+++ b/tsc/internal/stringutil/_scripts/generate-unicode-data.mts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env -S node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings
+#!/usr/bin/env node
 
 import * as fs from "fs";
 import * as path from "path";
diff --git a/tsc/internal/stringutil/generate.go b/tsc/internal/stringutil/generate.go
index 3c5ad7ad481fe..196e2d59e3904 100644
--- a/tsc/internal/stringutil/generate.go
+++ b/tsc/internal/stringutil/generate.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 package stringutil
 
-//go:generate node --experimental-strip-types --no-warnings ./_scripts/generate-unicode-data.mts
+//go:generate node ./_scripts/generate-unicode-data.mts
 //go:generate npx dprint fmt js_case_generated.go identifier_parts_generated.go