diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index 453ecc8e7..7d4252228 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@ source "https://rubygems.org"
 
 gem "jekyll", "~> 4.2"
 
-gem "minima", "~> 2.5"
-
 group :jekyll_plugins do
   gem "jekyll-feed", "~> 0.12"
 end
diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock
index 730180d51..51c18ded7 100644
--- a/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/Gemfile.lock
@@ -77,8 +77,6 @@ GEM
       jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
     jekyll-sass-converter (3.1.0)
       sass-embedded (~> 1.75)
-    jekyll-seo-tag (2.8.0)
-      jekyll (>= 3.8, < 5.0)
     jekyll-watch (2.2.1)
       listen (~> 3.0)
     json (2.21.2)
@@ -91,10 +89,6 @@ GEM
       rb-fsevent (~> 0.10, >= 0.10.3)
       rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.10)
     mercenary (0.4.0)
-    minima (2.5.2)
-      jekyll (>= 3.5, < 5.0)
-      jekyll-feed (~> 0.9)
-      jekyll-seo-tag (~> 2.1)
     pathutil (0.16.2)
       forwardable-extended (~> 2.6)
     public_suffix (6.0.2)
@@ -166,7 +160,6 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   http_parser.rb (~> 0.6.0)
   jekyll (~> 4.2)
   jekyll-feed (~> 0.12)
-  minima (~> 2.5)
   tzinfo (>= 1, < 3)
   tzinfo-data
   wdm (~> 0.1.1)
diff --git a/_config.yml b/_config.yml
index c8248355a..8f746e3bd 100644
--- a/_config.yml
+++ b/_config.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ rss: true
 
 
 # Build settings
-theme: minima
+# theme: minima  # removed: contributed no layouts, includes or styles -- only an unused assets/main.css
 permalink:   /:categories/:title/
 post_dir: false
 markdown:    kramdown
diff --git a/_sass/forms.scss b/_sass/forms.scss
index 19c1b3b0d..1ef719d04 100644
--- a/_sass/forms.scss
+++ b/_sass/forms.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+@use "sass:math";
+@use "sass:color";
 btnform { 
 	margin: 0 0 5px 0;
 	fieldset { 
@@ -13,7 +15,7 @@ btnform {
 		padding: 0;
 		color: $textcolor;
 		border: 0;
-		border-bottom: 1px solid lighten($black, 80);
+		border-bottom: 1px solid color.adjust($black, $lightness: 80%);
 		white-space: normal; 
 	}
 	p {
@@ -63,10 +65,10 @@ select {
 	padding: 4px;
 	margin-bottom: 5px / 4;
 	background-color: $white;
-	border: 1px solid lighten($black, 80);
+	border: 1px solid color.adjust($black, $lightness: 80%);
 	color: $textcolor; 
 	&:hover {
-		border-color: lighten($accentcolor, 50); 
+		border-color: color.adjust($accentcolor, $lightness: 50%); 
 	}
 }
 .input-mini { 
@@ -184,7 +186,7 @@ select:focus {
 /* help text ==================================== */
 .help-block,
 .help-inline {
-	color : lighten($black, 50); 
+	color : color.adjust($black, $lightness: 50%); 
 }
 .help-block {
 	display : block; 
diff --git a/_sass/grid.scss b/_sass/grid.scss
index ffb89e7ad..845568872 100644
--- a/_sass/grid.scss
+++ b/_sass/grid.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+@use "sass:math";
 // Defining number of columns in the grid.
 // Common Values would be 12, 16 or 24
 $width: 100%;
@@ -16,16 +17,16 @@ $margin: 0;
 @mixin grid($grid:$def_grid,$cols:'',$float:left,$display:inline){
   display:$display;
   float:$float;
-  width:(100%/$grid * $cols) - ($margin * 2);
+  width:(math.div(100%, $grid) * $cols) - ($margin * 2);
 }  
 
 // Allows for padding before element
 @mixin prefix($grid:$def_grid,$cols:''){
-  margin-left:(100%/$grid * $cols);
+  margin-left:(math.div(100%, $grid) * $cols);
 }
 // Allows for padding after element
 @mixin suffix($grid:$def_grid,$cols:''){  
-  margin-right:(100%/$grid * $cols);    
+  margin-right:(math.div(100%, $grid) * $cols);    
 }
 // Removes left margin
 @mixin first(){
@@ -38,10 +39,10 @@ $margin: 0;
 
 @mixin push($grid:$def_grid,$move:'') {
   position:relative;
-  left:(100%/$grid * $move);
+  left:(math.div(100%, $grid) * $move);
 } 
 
 @mixin pull($grid:$def_grid,$move:''){
   position:relative;
-  left:(100%/$grid * $move) * -1;
+  left:(math.div(100%, $grid) * $move) * -1;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_sass/mixins.scss b/_sass/mixins.scss
index ac952d987..cdffb8df0 100644
--- a/_sass/mixins.scss
+++ b/_sass/mixins.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+@use "sass:math";
+@use "sass:color";
 // UTILITY MIXINS
 // --------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -44,25 +46,25 @@
 // ------------------------
 @mixin font-size($size) {
   font-size: 0px + $size;
-  font-size: 0rem + $size / $doc-font-size;
-  line-height: 0 + round($doc-line-height / $size*10000) / 10000;
+  font-size: 0rem + math.div($size, $doc-font-size);
+  line-height: 0 + math.div(math.round(math.div($doc-line-height, $size) * 10000), 10000);
   margin-bottom: 0px + $doc-line-height;
-  margin-bottom: 0rem + ($doc-line-height / $doc-font-size);
+  margin-bottom: 0rem + math.div($doc-line-height, $doc-font-size);
 }
 
 // Just the REMs
 // -------------
 @mixin font-rem($size) {
   font-size: 0px + $size;
-  font-size: 0rem + $size / $doc-font-size;
+  font-size: 0rem + math.div($size, $doc-font-size);
 }
 
 // Just font-size and line-height
 // ------------------------------
 @mixin font($size) {
   font-size: 0px + $size;
-  font-size: 0rem + $size / $doc-font-size;
-  line-height: 0 + round($doc-line-height / $size*10000) / 10000;
+  font-size: 0rem + math.div($size, $doc-font-size);
+  line-height: 0 + math.div(math.round(math.div($doc-line-height, $size) * 10000), 10000);
 }
 
 @mixin text-overflow() {
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ overflow: hidden;
 text-overflow: ellipsis;
 white-space: nowrap; }
 
-$indent-var: 0rem + ($doc-line-height / $doc-font-size);
+$indent-var: 0rem + math.div($doc-line-height, $doc-font-size);
 
 // GRADIENTS
 // --------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/_sass/page.scss b/_sass/page.scss
index 9b2d1abe9..20d68b3c1 100644
--- a/_sass/page.scss
+++ b/_sass/page.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+@use "sass:color";
+@use "sass:math";
 body {
 	background-color: $bodycolor;
 	font-family: $base-font;
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ body {
 	li {
 		display: block;
 		list-style-type: none;
-		border-bottom: 1px solid lighten($black,80);
+		border-bottom: 1px solid color.adjust($black, $lightness: 80%);
 		border-bottom: 1px solid fade($black,10);
 		@include font-rem(16);
 		&:last-child {
@@ -84,18 +86,18 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 @mixin navicon-line() {
 	display: inline-block;
 	width: $button-size;
-	height: $button-size/7;
+	height: math.div($button-size, 7);
 	// line color
 	background: $white;
-	border-radius: $button-size/14;
+	border-radius: math.div($button-size, 14);
 	transition: .3s;
 }
 .navicon-lines-button {
-	padding: $button-size/4 $button-size/2;
+	padding: math.div($button-size, 4) math.div($button-size, 2);
 	transition: .3s;
 	cursor: pointer;
 	user-select: none;
-	border-radius: $button-size/7;
+	border-radius: math.div($button-size, 7);
 }
 .navicon-lines-button:hover {
 	opacity: 1;
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 }
 .navicon-lines {
 	margin-right: 10px;
-	margin-bottom: $button-size/5;
+	margin-bottom: math.div($button-size, 5);
 	// create middle line
 	@include navicon-line;
 	position: relative;
@@ -116,17 +118,17 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 		position: absolute;
 		left: 0;
 		content: '';
-		-webkit-transform-origin: $button-size/14 center;
-		transform-origin: $button-size/14 center;
+		-webkit-transform-origin: math.div($button-size, 14) center;
+		transform-origin: math.div($button-size, 14) center;
 	}
-	&:before { top: $button-size/4; }
-	&:after { top: -$button-size/4; }
+	&:before { top: math.div($button-size, 4); }
+	&:after { top: math.div(-$button-size, 4); }
 }
 .navicon-lines-button:hover {
 	opacity: 1;
 	.navicon-lines {
-		&:before { top: $button-size/3.5; }
-		&:after { top: -$button-size/3.5; }
+		&:before { top: math.div($button-size, 3.5); }
+		&:after { top: math.div(-$button-size, 3.5); }
 	}
 }
 .navicon-lines-button.x.active .navicon-lines {
@@ -241,13 +243,13 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 		margin: 0;
 		padding-bottom: .5em;
 		@include font-rem(28);
-		border-bottom: 1px solid lighten($black,70);
+		border-bottom: 1px solid color.adjust($black, $lightness: 70%);
 	}
 	h4 {
 		margin: 0;
 		padding-bottom: .5em;
 		@include font-rem(28);
-		border-bottom: 1px solid lighten($black,70);
+		border-bottom: 1px solid color.adjust($black, $lightness: 70%);
 	}
 	article {
 		h2 {
@@ -255,7 +257,7 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 			@include font-rem(20);
 			&.link-post {
 				margin-bottom: 0px + $doc-line-height;
-				margin-bottom: 0rem + ($doc-line-height / $doc-font-size);
+				margin-bottom: 0rem + math.div($doc-line-height, $doc-font-size);
 			}
 		}
 		p {
@@ -416,7 +418,7 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 	// Dotted line underlines for links
 	p > a,
 	li > a {
-		border-bottom: 1px dotted lighten($link-color, 50);
+		border-bottom: 1px dotted color.adjust($link-color, $lightness: 50%);
 		&:hover {
 			border-bottom-style: solid;
 		}
@@ -442,7 +444,7 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 		background-color: $white;
 	}
 	header {
-		background: lighten($black, 10);
+		background: color.adjust($black, $lightness: 10%);
 	}
 	h3 {
 		margin: 0;
@@ -473,7 +475,7 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 			display: block;
 			color: $white;
 			border-bottom-width: 0;
-			background: lighten($black, 30);
+			background: color.adjust($black, $lightness: 30%);
 			@include opacity(0.7);
 			@include transition(opacity 0.2s ease-in-out);
 			&:hover {
@@ -615,7 +617,7 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 		display: inline-block;
 		padding-right: 5px;
 		a {
-			color: lighten($basecolor, 40%);
+			color: color.adjust($basecolor, $lightness: 40%);
 			@include transition(.4s linear);
 			&:hover {
 				text-decoration: none;
@@ -690,7 +692,7 @@ $button-size: 1.5rem;
 	color: $black;
 	border-width: 2px !important;
 	border-style: solid !important;
-	border-color: lighten($black,50);
+	border-color: color.adjust($black, $lightness: 50%);
 	@include rounded(3px);
 }
 #goog-wm-sb {
diff --git a/_sass/pygments.scss b/_sass/pygments.scss
index 22423c640..519a2c25f 100644
--- a/_sass/pygments.scss
+++ b/_sass/pygments.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+@use "sass:color";
 .highlight {
 	background-color: #efefef;
 	font-family: $code-font;
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@
 		margin: 0;
 		padding: 1em;
 	}
-	.lineno { padding-right: 24px; color: lighten(#333332,50);}
+	.lineno { padding-right: 24px; color: color.adjust(#333332, $lightness: 50%);}
 	
 	.hll { background-color: #ffffcc }
 	.c { color: #408080; font-style: italic } /* Comment */
diff --git a/_sass/site.scss b/_sass/site.scss
index 0ddfa3c1d..28dcf6e0b 100644
--- a/_sass/site.scss
+++ b/_sass/site.scss
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
+@use "sass:color";
 /* Selection ============================================= */
 ::-moz-selection { 
-	background-color: lighten($basecolor, 65%); 
+	background-color: color.adjust($basecolor, $lightness: 65%); 
 	color: $basecolor; 
 	text-shadow: none; 
 }  	
 ::selection { 
-	background-color: lighten($basecolor, 65%); 
+	background-color: color.adjust($basecolor, $lightness: 65%); 
 	color: $basecolor; 
 	text-shadow: none; 
 }
diff --git a/_sass/typography.scss b/_sass/typography.scss
index 17da453df..0f99fa88a 100644
--- a/_sass/typography.scss
+++ b/_sass/typography.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+@use "sass:color";
 // Headings
 // --------------------------------------------------
 h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ figcaption {
 	padding-top: 10px;
 	@include font(14);
 	line-height: 1.3;
-	color: lighten($text-color, 10);
+	color: color.adjust($text-color, $lightness: 10%);
 }
 
 // Feature Image Caption
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ figcaption {
 	@include font(12);
 	line-height: 1.3;
 	font-style: italic;
-	color: lighten($text-color, 30);
+	color: color.adjust($text-color, $lightness: 30%);
 	@media #{$small} {
 		@include grid(12,9);
 		@include prefix(12,0);
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ figcaption {
 		@include grid(12,8.5);
 	}
 	a {
-		color: lighten($text-color, 30);
+		color: color.adjust($text-color, $lightness: 30%);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ figcaption {
 	text-indent: 0;
 	@include font-rem(14);
 	background-color: $body-color;
-	border: 1px solid darken($body-color,20);
+	border: 1px solid color.adjust($body-color, $lightness: -20%);
 	@include rounded(3px);
 }
 
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ li {
 		white-space: nowrap;
 		margin: 0 2px;
 		padding: 0 5px;
-		border: 1px solid lighten($black, 90);
+		border: 1px solid color.adjust($black, $lightness: 90%);
 		background-color: #efefef;
 		@include rounded(3px);
 	}
diff --git a/_sass/variables.scss b/_sass/variables.scss
index 6e3b825d1..a413b74d8 100644
--- a/_sass/variables.scss
+++ b/_sass/variables.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+@use "sass:color";
 // TYPOGRAPHY ================================================
 $doc-font-size: 16;
 $doc-line-height: 26;
@@ -36,9 +37,9 @@ $info				  : #308cbc;
 // Links
 $linkcolor 		    : #343434;
 $link-color       : $linkcolor;
-$linkcolorhover 	: darken($linkcolor, 10);
-$linkcolorvisited : lighten($linkcolorhover, 20);
-$linkcolorfocus 	: darken($linkcolorvisited, 10);
+$linkcolorhover 	: color.adjust($linkcolor, $lightness: -10%);
+$linkcolorvisited : color.adjust($linkcolorhover, $lightness: 20%);
+$linkcolorfocus 	: color.adjust($linkcolorvisited, $lightness: -10%);
 
 // Media Queries
 $micro            : "only screen and (min-width: 30em)";
diff --git a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_fixed-width.scss b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_fixed-width.scss
index b221c9813..4107e738a 100644
--- a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_fixed-width.scss
+++ b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_fixed-width.scss
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+// Local patch: namespaced Sass built-ins for dart-sass 2.x. Re-apply if this vendored library is updated.
+@use "sass:math";
 // Fixed Width Icons
 // -------------------------
 .#{$fa-css-prefix}-fw {
-  width: (18em / 14);
+  width: math.div(18em, 14);
   text-align: center;
 }
diff --git a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_larger.scss b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_larger.scss
index 41e9a8184..963cfe1b3 100644
--- a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_larger.scss
+++ b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_larger.scss
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+// Local patch: namespaced Sass built-ins for dart-sass 2.x. Re-apply if this vendored library is updated.
+@use "sass:math";
 // Icon Sizes
 // -------------------------
 
 /* makes the font 33% larger relative to the icon container */
 .#{$fa-css-prefix}-lg {
-  font-size: (4em / 3);
-  line-height: (3em / 4);
+  font-size: math.div(4em, 3);
+  line-height: math.div(3em, 4);
   vertical-align: -15%;
 }
 .#{$fa-css-prefix}-2x { font-size: 2em; }
diff --git a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_list.scss b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_list.scss
index 7d1e4d54d..69fa5ecc3 100644
--- a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_list.scss
+++ b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_list.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// Local patch: namespaced Sass built-ins for dart-sass 2.x. Re-apply if this vendored library is updated.
+@use "sass:math";
 // List Icons
 // -------------------------
 
@@ -11,9 +13,9 @@
   position: absolute;
   left: -$fa-li-width;
   width: $fa-li-width;
-  top: (2em / 14);
+  top: math.div(2em, 14);
   text-align: center;
   &.#{$fa-css-prefix}-lg {
-    left: -$fa-li-width + (4em / 14);
+    left: -$fa-li-width + math.div(4em, 14);
   }
 }
diff --git a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_variables.scss b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_variables.scss
index ac2b5051b..29cda7ee8 100644
--- a/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_variables.scss
+++ b/_sass/vendor/font-awesome/_variables.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// Local patch: namespaced Sass built-ins for dart-sass 2.x. Re-apply if this vendored library is updated.
+@use "sass:math";
 // Variables
 // --------------------------
 
@@ -7,7 +9,7 @@ $fa-css-prefix:       fa !default;
 $fa-version:          "4.1.0" !default;
 $fa-border-color:     #eee !default;
 $fa-inverse:          #fff !default;
-$fa-li-width:         (30em / 14) !default;
+$fa-li-width:         math.div(30em, 14) !default;
 
 $fa-var-adjust: "\f042";
 $fa-var-adn: "\f170";
diff --git a/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/_settings.scss b/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/_settings.scss
index 56bd6510a..549ae6b6a 100644
--- a/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/_settings.scss
+++ b/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/_settings.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// Local patch: namespaced Sass built-ins for dart-sass 2.x. Re-apply if this vendored library is updated.
+@use "sass:math";
 ////////////////////////
 //      Settings      //
 ////////////////////////
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ $mfp-include-iframe-type:             true;                       // Enable Ifra
 $mfp-iframe-padding-top:              40px;                       // Iframe padding top
 $mfp-iframe-background:               #000;                       // Background color of iframes
 $mfp-iframe-max-width:                900px;                      // Maximum width of iframes
-$mfp-iframe-ratio:                    9/16;                       // Ratio of iframe (9/16 = widescreen, 3/4 = standard, etc.)
+$mfp-iframe-ratio:                    math.div(9, 16);                       // Ratio of iframe (9/16 = widescreen, 3/4 = standard, etc.)
 
 // Image-type options
 $mfp-include-image-type:              true;                       // Enable Image-type popups
diff --git a/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/magnific-popup.scss b/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/magnific-popup.scss
index e956385bf..3d803f83d 100644
--- a/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/magnific-popup.scss
+++ b/_sass/vendor/magnific-popup/magnific-popup.scss
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// Local patch: namespaced Sass built-ins for dart-sass 2.x. Re-apply if this vendored library is updated.
+@use "sass:string";
 /* Magnific Popup CSS */
 
 @import "settings";
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ $mfp-use-visuallyhidden:              false !default; // Hide content from brows
   background: $mfp-overlay-color;
   opacity: $mfp-overlay-opacity;
   @if $mfp-IE7support {
-    filter: unquote("alpha(opacity=#{$mfp-overlay-opacity*100})");
+    filter: string.unquote("alpha(opacity=#{$mfp-overlay-opacity*100})");
   }
 }
 
@@ -285,7 +287,7 @@ button {
   text-align: center;
   opacity: $mfp-controls-opacity;
   @if $mfp-IE7support {
-    filter: unquote("alpha(opacity=#{$mfp-controls-opacity*100})");
+    filter: string.unquote("alpha(opacity=#{$mfp-controls-opacity*100})");
   }
   padding: 0 0 18px 10px;
   color: $mfp-controls-color;
@@ -298,7 +300,7 @@ button {
   &:focus {
     opacity: 1;
     @if $mfp-IE7support {
-      filter: unquote("alpha(opacity=#{1*100})");
+      filter: string.unquote("alpha(opacity=#{1*100})");
     }
   }
 
@@ -338,7 +340,7 @@ button {
     position: absolute;
     opacity: $mfp-controls-opacity;
     @if $mfp-IE7support {
-      filter: unquote("alpha(opacity=#{$mfp-controls-opacity*100})");
+      filter: string.unquote("alpha(opacity=#{$mfp-controls-opacity*100})");
     }
     margin: 0;
     top: 50%;
@@ -354,7 +356,7 @@ button {
     &:focus {
       opacity: 1;
       @if $mfp-IE7support {
-        filter: unquote("alpha(opacity=#{1*100})");
+        filter: string.unquote("alpha(opacity=#{1*100})");
       }
     }
     &:before,