diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fa9757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+name: tests
+
+on:
+ push:
+ pull_request:
+
+jobs:
+ site-checks:
+ runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+ steps:
+ - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+ # Stdlib only (minitest + yaml) — no `bundle install` needed,
+ # so this stays fast.
+ - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+ with:
+ ruby-version: "3.4"
+ - run: ruby -Itests tests/test_site.rb
+
+ build:
+ runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+ steps:
+ - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+ - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
+ with:
+ ruby-version: "3.4"
+ bundler-cache: true
+ # --strict-front-matter fails on YAML errors; --future also
+ # compiles scheduled posts so broken Liquid/post_url in them
+ # surfaces now instead of on their go-live date.
+ - run: bundle exec jekyll build --strict-front-matter --future
+ # Internal links, images, and alt text only — external URLs are
+ # left out to keep PR checks deterministic (no network flakiness).
+ # Installed outside the Gemfile on purpose: production (GitHub
+ # Pages) must keep the exact github-pages gem set.
+ - run: gem install html-proofer --no-document
+ - run: htmlproofer ./_site --disable-external --allow-hash-href
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index f40fbd8..1960d5a 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -3,3 +3,5 @@ _site
.jekyll-cache
.jekyll-metadata
vendor
+.DS_Store
+__pycache__/
diff --git a/404.html b/404.html
index 086a5c9..a00cd00 100644
--- a/404.html
+++ b/404.html
@@ -22,4 +22,6 @@
404
Page not found :(
The requested page could not be found.
+ Back to home
+ Or browse the archive and tags .
diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock
index 517ecf2..d92ba50 100644
--- a/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/Gemfile.lock
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ GEM
gemoji (>= 3, < 5)
html-pipeline (~> 2.2)
jekyll (>= 3.0, < 5.0)
- json (2.21.2)
+ json (3.0.0)
kramdown (2.4.0)
rexml
kramdown-parser-gfm (1.1.0)
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ CHECKSUMS
jekyll-titles-from-headings (0.5.3) sha256=77366754e361ea7b5d87881f5b1380835f5ce910c240a4d9ac2d7afe86d28481
jekyll-watch (2.2.1) sha256=bc44ed43f5e0a552836245a54dbff3ea7421ecc2856707e8a1ee203a8387a7e1
jemoji (0.13.0) sha256=5d4c3e8e2cbbb2b73997c31294f6f70c94e4d4fade039373e86835bcf5529e7c
- json (2.21.2) sha256=1f1d3b7cf2b3ba1a69beca0bb6db13d5438b80bff3cd54cdaaa620b9b07c1c6a
+ json (3.0.0) sha256=1ff82a28c05c5cc7b646f3e3a3ac710e4ae2aa933690cba12f1f650b0ecdeb99
kramdown (2.4.0) sha256=b62e5bcbd6ea20c7a6730ebbb2a107237856e14f29cebf5b10c876cc1a2481c5
kramdown-parser-gfm (1.1.0) sha256=fb39745516427d2988543bf01fc4cf0ab1149476382393e0e9c48592f6581729
liquid (4.0.4) sha256=4fcfebb1a045e47918388dbb7a0925e7c3893e58d2bd6c3b3c73ec17a2d8fdb3
diff --git a/LICENSE.md b/LICENSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1020e2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,694 @@
+# License
+
+## Site code and code examples: GNU GPLv3 or later
+
+The site machinery in this repository — layouts, includes, stylesheets,
+scripts, and configuration — and fenced code blocks inside blog posts are
+© David Budzyński and licensed under the GNU General Public License,
+either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+The full text follows below.
+
+## Prose and images: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
+
+Blog post prose and images (`_posts/`, `_drafts/`, `assets/images/`) are
+© David Budzyński and shared under
+[CC BY-NC-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/):
+you may share verbatim copies for non-commercial purposes with attribution,
+but do not adapt them or use them commercially without permission — ask via
+[GitHub](https://github.com/davidbudzynski) first.
+
+---
+
+ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+ Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+ Preamble
+
+ The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
+software and other kinds of works.
+
+ The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
+to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
+the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
+share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
+software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
+GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
+any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
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+have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
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+
+ Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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+patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
+consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
+license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
+actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
+covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
+in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
+country that you have reason to believe are valid.
+
+ If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
+arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
+covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
+receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
+or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
+you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
+work and works based on it.
+
+ A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
+the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
+conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
+specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
+work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
+in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
+to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
+the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
+parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
+patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
+conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
+for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
+contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
+or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
+
+ Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
+any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
+otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
+
+ 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
+
+ If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
+otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
+excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
+covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
+License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
+not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
+to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
+the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
+License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
+
+ 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
+
+ Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
+permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
+under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
+combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
+License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
+but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
+section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
+combination as such.
+
+ 14. Revised Versions of this License.
+
+ The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
+the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+address new problems or concerns.
+
+ Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
+Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
+Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
+option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
+version or of any later version published by the Free Software
+Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
+GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
+by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+ If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
+versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
+public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
+to choose that version for the Program.
+
+ Later license versions may give you additional or different
+permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
+author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
+later version.
+
+ 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+
+ THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
+APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
+OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
+IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
+ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+ 16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+ IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+ 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+ If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+ END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+ How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+ If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+ To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+
+ Copyright (C)
+
+ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with this program. If not, see .
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+ If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+ Copyright (C)
+ This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+ This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+ under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+ You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+ .
+
+ The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
+.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 5a20180..a2488f6 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -5,6 +5,13 @@ It's a simple Jekyll-powered site, that I deploy on GitHub pages.
Feel free to send PRs addressing typos, bad grammar, visual glitches, etc.
+## License
+
+Site code and fenced code examples in posts are [GPLv3 or later](LICENSE.md).
+Post prose and images are © David Budzyński, shared under
+[CC BY-NC-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
+See [LICENSE.md](LICENSE.md) for details.
+
To run the site locally, you need to have Ruby installed (macOS and Linux are
both supported). Then run the following commands:
diff --git a/_config.yml b/_config.yml
index 107c2c2..ad5a79d 100644
--- a/_config.yml
+++ b/_config.yml
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
title: David Budzyński
author: David Budzyński
+lang: en-GB
+timezone: Europe/London
# email: your-email@example.com
description: >- # this means to ignore newlines until "baseurl:"
This is my blog where I share my thoughts on statistics, computer science, software, and technology.
@@ -28,12 +30,42 @@ url: "https://davidbudzynski.github.io" # the base hostname & protocol for your
github_username: davidbudzynski
rss: RSS
+# Explicit permalink without :categories so URLs stay stable even if a
+# category ever slips back into front matter.
+permalink: /:year/:month/:day/:title.html
+# Scheduled posts (future-dated) stay hidden until their date — intentional.
+future: false
+excerpt_separator:
+show_excerpts: true
+
+header_pages:
+ - about.md
+ - projects.md
+ - archive.md
+ - tags.html
+ - search.md
+
+minima:
+ # NOTE: github-pages pins minima 2.5.1, which ignores `skin`.
+ # Kept as forward-compat for minima 3.x (auto = light/dark by OS setting).
+ skin: auto
+ # Social icons on minima 2.5.x come from the legacy `github_username` /
+ # `rss` keys above via _includes/social.html, not from social_links.
+
+defaults:
+ - scope:
+ path: ""
+ type: posts
+ values:
+ layout: post
+
# Build settings
theme: minima
plugins:
- jekyll-feed
- jekyll-sitemap
- jekyll-seo-tag
+ - jekyll-redirect-from
# Exclude from processing.
# The following items will not be processed, by default.
# Any item listed under the `exclude:` key here will be automatically added to
@@ -49,6 +81,7 @@ exclude:
- Gemfile
- Gemfile.lock
- node_modules/
+ - tests/
- vendor/bundle/
- vendor/cache/
- vendor/gems/
diff --git a/_drafts/agent-skills-i-like-using.md b/_drafts/agent-skills-i-like-using.md
index 6488be4..35d7f84 100644
--- a/_drafts/agent-skills-i-like-using.md
+++ b/_drafts/agent-skills-i-like-using.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [AI, Software, Tooling]
---
A tour of the skills, tools, and capabilities I enable for my coding agent, and
-which ones I keep disabled.
\ No newline at end of file
+which ones I keep disabled.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/automating-boring-tasks.md b/_drafts/automating-boring-tasks.md
index e67c5ce..30bc166 100644
--- a/_drafts/automating-boring-tasks.md
+++ b/_drafts/automating-boring-tasks.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Linux, Shell, Tooling]
---
How I stop repeating myself: scripts and Makefiles for the chores that used to
-waste my time.
\ No newline at end of file
+waste my time.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/browser-extensions-that-respect-privacy.md b/_drafts/browser-extensions-that-respect-privacy.md
index a27a58d..2bf419e 100644
--- a/_drafts/browser-extensions-that-respect-privacy.md
+++ b/_drafts/browser-extensions-that-respect-privacy.md
@@ -4,4 +4,6 @@ title : "Browser extensions that respect your privacy"
tags : [Web, Privacy]
---
-The extensions I trust and use, and the ones I avoid.
\ No newline at end of file
+The extensions I trust and use, and the ones I avoid.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/firefox-customization-part-2.md b/_drafts/firefox-customization-part-2.md
index 03dac61..6779e29 100644
--- a/_drafts/firefox-customization-part-2.md
+++ b/_drafts/firefox-customization-part-2.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Web, Software, Privacy]
---
A deeper dive into Firefox customization with userChrome.css examples, following
-up on the earlier Firefox post.
\ No newline at end of file
+up on the earlier Firefox post.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/five-years-in-linux.md b/_drafts/five-years-in-linux.md
index c83d39a..b6b5bc5 100644
--- a/_drafts/five-years-in-linux.md
+++ b/_drafts/five-years-in-linux.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Linux]
---
A retrospective on the original "Two Years in Linux" post, updated with what
-changed over the following years.
\ No newline at end of file
+changed over the following years.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/how-i-use-an-agent-day-to-day.md b/_drafts/how-i-use-an-agent-day-to-day.md
index 1f31839..a44e3cc 100644
--- a/_drafts/how-i-use-an-agent-day-to-day.md
+++ b/_drafts/how-i-use-an-agent-day-to-day.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [AI, Software, Tooling]
---
A realistic walkthrough of a session with my agent: from prompt to a reviewed,
-committed change, including where it shines and where it trips up.
\ No newline at end of file
+committed change, including where it shines and where it trips up.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/lessons-from-10-years-of-r.md b/_drafts/lessons-from-10-years-of-r.md
index cb92bd8..4c8ba9a 100644
--- a/_drafts/lessons-from-10-years-of-r.md
+++ b/_drafts/lessons-from-10-years-of-r.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [R, Data Science]
---
What a decade of R taught me about statistics, coding, and tooling. Advice I
-would give my younger self.
\ No newline at end of file
+would give my younger self.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/my-dotfiles-setup.md b/_drafts/my-dotfiles-setup.md
index b6c6c41..fb8fbae 100644
--- a/_drafts/my-dotfiles-setup.md
+++ b/_drafts/my-dotfiles-setup.md
@@ -4,4 +4,6 @@ title : "My dotfiles setup and how I manage them"
tags : [Linux, Tooling]
---
-How I structure, version, and sync my dotfiles across machines.
\ No newline at end of file
+How I structure, version, and sync my dotfiles across machines.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/my-python-setup-in-2026.md b/_drafts/my-python-setup-in-2026.md
index f539f2c..572e8e3 100644
--- a/_drafts/my-python-setup-in-2026.md
+++ b/_drafts/my-python-setup-in-2026.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Python, Tooling]
---
uv, ruff, pyright. Why I stopped caring about pip and venv, and how a modern
-Python setup looks in practice.
\ No newline at end of file
+Python setup looks in practice.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/program-spotlight-cli-tools.md b/_drafts/program-spotlight-cli-tools.md
index eebbc01..56d67ca 100644
--- a/_drafts/program-spotlight-cli-tools.md
+++ b/_drafts/program-spotlight-cli-tools.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Software, CLI]
---
Part of the Program Spotlight series (following rclone and file managers). Covers
-fzf, ripgrep, tmux, zoxide, and bat.
\ No newline at end of file
+fzf, ripgrep, tmux, zoxide, and bat.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/program-spotlight-paperless-ngx.md b/_drafts/program-spotlight-paperless-ngx.md
index 723b12e..404914b 100644
--- a/_drafts/program-spotlight-paperless-ngx.md
+++ b/_drafts/program-spotlight-paperless-ngx.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Software, Self-hosting]
---
Document management done right: OCR, tagging, and search. Part of the Program
-Spotlight series.
\ No newline at end of file
+Spotlight series.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/python-packages-beyond-pandas-numpy.md b/_drafts/python-packages-beyond-pandas-numpy.md
index bdcb4c5..fe9f723 100644
--- a/_drafts/python-packages-beyond-pandas-numpy.md
+++ b/_drafts/python-packages-beyond-pandas-numpy.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Python, Data Science]
---
A personal list of the Python packages I reach for constantly that most people
-never hear about.
\ No newline at end of file
+never hear about.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/self-hosting-paperless-ngx.md b/_drafts/self-hosting-paperless-ngx.md
index 4edcb51..a812722 100644
--- a/_drafts/self-hosting-paperless-ngx.md
+++ b/_drafts/self-hosting-paperless-ngx.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Self-hosting, Privacy]
---
Paperless-ngx as a gateway into self-hosting: the setup, the payoff, and what
-came after.
\ No newline at end of file
+came after.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/using-rss-and-why-its-good.md b/_drafts/using-rss-and-why-its-good.md
index 386762b..429782b 100644
--- a/_drafts/using-rss-and-why-its-good.md
+++ b/_drafts/using-rss-and-why-its-good.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [RSS, Web, Privacy]
---
Why RSS is still the best way to follow what matters, and how to set up a
-reader that actually fits your life.
\ No newline at end of file
+reader that actually fits your life.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/what-is-agentic-coding.md b/_drafts/what-is-agentic-coding.md
index 1b7016a..66dc11b 100644
--- a/_drafts/what-is-agentic-coding.md
+++ b/_drafts/what-is-agentic-coding.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [AI, Software, Tooling]
---
A grounded introduction to agentic coding: what the tools actually do, their
-limits, and the hype vs. reality.
\ No newline at end of file
+limits, and the hype vs. reality.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/why-i-keep-this-blog.md b/_drafts/why-i-keep-this-blog.md
index b54ddaa..6005808 100644
--- a/_drafts/why-i-keep-this-blog.md
+++ b/_drafts/why-i-keep-this-blog.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Meta, Writing]
---
Reflections on running a small Jekyll blog on GitHub Pages: the writing
-pipeline, what I get out of it, and why I keep going.
\ No newline at end of file
+pipeline, what I get out of it, and why I keep going.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/why-i-moved-my-r-workflow-to-python.md b/_drafts/why-i-moved-my-r-workflow-to-python.md
index 3ea3021..7a3061c 100644
--- a/_drafts/why-i-moved-my-r-workflow-to-python.md
+++ b/_drafts/why-i-moved-my-r-workflow-to-python.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [R, Python, Data Science]
---
Follow-up to "R is a Terrible Programming Language". What drove the migration,
-what I kept in R, and how the transition went in practice.
\ No newline at end of file
+what I kept in R, and how the transition went in practice.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/why-i-still-read-diffs.md b/_drafts/why-i-still-read-diffs.md
index c063154..025852b 100644
--- a/_drafts/why-i-still-read-diffs.md
+++ b/_drafts/why-i-still-read-diffs.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [AI, Software, Tooling]
---
Agent-generated code still needs review. What I auto-accept, what I always
-rewrite, and how I keep my git hygiene intact.
\ No newline at end of file
+rewrite, and how I keep my git hygiene intact.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_drafts/why-i-use-a-tiling-window-manager.md b/_drafts/why-i-use-a-tiling-window-manager.md
index 6315d3b..a5344ba 100644
--- a/_drafts/why-i-use-a-tiling-window-manager.md
+++ b/_drafts/why-i-use-a-tiling-window-manager.md
@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ tags : [Linux, WM]
---
The workflow and productivity argument for tiling window managers, based on my
-own daily setup.
\ No newline at end of file
+own daily setup.
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/_includes/footer.html b/_includes/footer.html
index 041b48a..31fd5f1 100644
--- a/_includes/footer.html
+++ b/_includes/footer.html
@@ -30,6 +30,13 @@
+
+
diff --git a/_includes/head.html b/_includes/head.html
index 23eeba0..15e6116 100644
--- a/_includes/head.html
+++ b/_includes/head.html
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
{%- seo -%}
+
+
+
{%- feed_meta -%}
diff --git a/_includes/utterances.html b/_includes/utterances.html
index 757eeec..0643721 100644
--- a/_includes/utterances.html
+++ b/_includes/utterances.html
@@ -1,41 +1,20 @@
-
+
+
+
+ Comments require JavaScript. You can also comment via
+ GitHub issues .
+
+
diff --git a/_layouts/home.html b/_layouts/home.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6752e66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/_layouts/home.html
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+layout: default
+---
+
+
+
+
+ {%- if page.title -%}
+
{{ page.title }}
+ {%- endif -%}
+
+ {{ content }}
+
+ {%- if site.posts.size > 0 -%}
+
{{ page.list_title | default: "Posts" }}
+
+ {%- for post in site.posts -%}
+
+ {%- assign date_format = site.minima.date_format | default: "%b %-d, %Y" -%}
+ {{ post.date | date: date_format }}
+
+ {%- if site.show_excerpts -%}
+ {%- if post.description -%}
+ {{ post.description | escape }}
+ {%- else -%}
+ {{ post.excerpt }}
+ {%- endif -%}
+ {%- endif -%}
+
+ {%- endfor -%}
+
+
+
+ {%- endif -%}
+
+
diff --git a/_layouts/post.html b/_layouts/post.html
index 2d7ea18..3fa5129 100644
--- a/_layouts/post.html
+++ b/_layouts/post.html
@@ -47,11 +47,46 @@
{{ content }}
- {%- assign issue-term = page.title |
- remove: " | David Budzyński" |
- prepend: 'Comments: ' -%}
-
- {% include utterances.html issue-term=issue-term %}
+
+
+
+
+
+ {% assign related_count = 0 %}
+
+
Related posts
+
+ {% for p in site.posts %}
+ {% if p.url != page.url and related_count < 3 %}
+ {% assign common = 0 %}
+ {% for tag in p.tags %}
+ {% if page.tags contains tag %}
+ {% assign common = common | plus: 1 %}
+ {% endif %}
+ {% endfor %}
+ {% if common > 0 %}
+ {{ p.title | escape }}
+ {% assign related_count = related_count | plus: 1 %}
+ {% endif %}
+ {% endif %}
+ {% endfor %}
+ {% if related_count == 0 %}
+ Browse the archive
+ {% endif %}
+
+
+
+ {% include utterances.html issue-term="pathname" %}
diff --git a/_posts/2021-10-25-two-years-in-linux.md b/_posts/2021-10-25-two-years-in-linux.md
index 47d4913..3ff25b9 100644
--- a/_posts/2021-10-25-two-years-in-linux.md
+++ b/_posts/2021-10-25-two-years-in-linux.md
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
---
-layout : post
+layout : post
title : "Two years in Linux"
date : 2021-10-25 21:50
-category : general
tags : [Linux, Hardware]
+description: "What two years of daily-driving Linux taught me after a lifetime of Windows — from a beer-fried laptop to a custom-built PC."
+redirect_from:
+ - /general/2021/10/25/two-years-in-linux.html
---
## Interactions with other operating systems
@@ -19,6 +21,8 @@ I was happy, although I became more aware about embedded telemetry and privacy
concerns expressed by other people on the Internet around the time when Windows
10 was announced.
+
+
Around that time I also bought my first iPhone and I immediately fell in love
with it. I decided to try out one of the iMacs in the university library and I
decided to give a hackintosh route a try. Somehow I managed to get it installed
diff --git a/_posts/2022-04-23-r-native-placeholder.md b/_posts/2022-04-23-r-native-placeholder.md
index 47f931e..8761e6c 100644
--- a/_posts/2022-04-23-r-native-placeholder.md
+++ b/_posts/2022-04-23-r-native-placeholder.md
@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
---
-layout : post
+layout : post
title : "R 4.2.0 Native Placeholder"
date : 2022-04-23 21:00
-category : general
-tags : R
+tags : [R]
+description: "R 4.2.0 improved the native pipe and introduced the underscore placeholder — what it does and how it compares to magrittr."
+redirect_from:
+ - /general/2022/04/23/r-native-placeholder.html
---
Yesterday (that is on April 22, 2022) R 4.2.0 was released and among
other things, this release brought major improvements when using the
native pipe operator (`|>`).
+
+
You might be wondering: what is the native pipe anyways? Well, it's the
base equivalent of `%>%` pipe from the `magrittr` package, heavily
endorsed and used across `tidyverse` packages. It pipes a value forward
diff --git a/_posts/2024-03-10-split-keyboard.md b/_posts/2024-03-10-split-keyboard.md
index 3bdcf0b..5c421d9 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-03-10-split-keyboard.md
+++ b/_posts/2024-03-10-split-keyboard.md
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
---
-layout : post
+layout : post
title : "Split Ergonomic Keyboards and Touch Typing"
date : 2024-03-10 10:00
-category : general
-tags : Hardware
+tags : [Hardware]
+description: "After hand fatigue from long typing days, I switched to a Cantor split ergonomic keyboard and relearned touch typing — here is what changed."
+redirect_from:
+ - /general/2024/03/10/split-keyboard.html
---
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
In July last year I started thinking about getting an ergonomic split keyboard.
Many people choose to get a split keyboard because they are more comfortable to
@@ -19,6 +21,8 @@ about split keyboards before, but I had never really considered them. I thought
that they would be very complicated to put together and too much trouble
overall.
+
+
I started to do some research and I found that there were many different types
of split keyboards, some of them were very expensive and required many parts,
and some of them were very cheap (relatively speaking), designed specifically to
@@ -86,7 +90,7 @@ The entire build process took me about 6 hours. Fortunately, Cantor's build
guide is very straightforward and easy to follow. Once you do one part, the
other one is much easier.
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
### Flashing the firmware
@@ -127,13 +131,13 @@ into your computer and use the GUI or a chromium-based browser
After few trials and errors, I ended up with a layout that I was happy with. It
looks like this (each picture is a different layer):
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
## Learning to touch type
@@ -158,7 +162,7 @@ doing these exercises now because I feel like typing on this keyboard is
actually more comfortable than on a traditional one. Here is the graph of my
progress. It took me about two months to get to 40 words per minute.
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
## Conclusions
diff --git a/_posts/2024-04-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md b/_posts/2024-03-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md
similarity index 93%
rename from _posts/2024-04-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md
rename to _posts/2024-03-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md
index 4512167..55b4c1b 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-04-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md
+++ b/_posts/2024-03-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
layout : post
title : "C++ Notebooks in Emacs' Org Mode"
date : 2024-03-15 19:00
-tags : [Emacs, org-mode, C++, Software]
+tags : [Emacs, Org-Mode, C++, Software]
+description: "Writing C++ documentation as executable notebooks in Emacs Org mode for readers coming from other languages."
---
I recently had to write some documentation for people who are not familiar with
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ inside notebooks. I thought to myself that org mode could be a good tool for
this, as it can compile the code and put the output right next to it in an HTML
or PDF format.
+
+
## What is Org Mode
[Org mode][1] is a major mode for [GNU Emacs][2]. It is used for keeping notes,
diff --git a/_posts/2024-04-13-firefox-customization.md b/_posts/2024-04-13-firefox-customization.md
index 9c2d2d0..f60bb39 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-04-13-firefox-customization.md
+++ b/_posts/2024-04-13-firefox-customization.md
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
---
-layout : post
+layout : post
title : "Why I use Firefox as my default browser"
date : 2024-04-13 18:00
-category : general
tags : [Web, Software, Privacy]
+description: "Why Firefox is still my default browser: speed, customization, and privacy without Big Tech lock-in."
+redirect_from:
+ - /general/2024/04/13/firefox-customization.html
---
## Firefox's popularity around 2010's
@@ -17,6 +19,8 @@ Fast forward to 2024, and Firefox's usage has been declining for years and years
and its users are often seen as a dying breed. But I still use Firefox as my
default browser. Why?
+
+
## Customization
Firefox is still the most customizable browser out there. You can change almost
diff --git a/_posts/2024-04-20-why-r-is-a-terrible-language.md b/_posts/2024-04-20-why-r-is-a-terrible-language.md
index 601aa44..213c366 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-04-20-why-r-is-a-terrible-language.md
+++ b/_posts/2024-04-20-why-r-is-a-terrible-language.md
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
layout : post
title : "R is a Terrible Programming Language"
date : 2024-04-20 13:05
-tags : [R, Software, Data Science]
+tags : [R, Software, Data Science]
+description: "A long-time R user's honest critique of R as a programming language — and what keeps me using it anyway."
---
Recently I have been contemplating about how I feel about R as a programming
@@ -10,6 +11,8 @@ language. Even though I have been using it for many years now, I have never been
able to shake the feeling that apart from several nice packages, R is an
inferior language.
+
+
Over the years there have been many criticisms of R, some of them are valid,
like the [R Inferno book][1], some of them are not, like many medium articles by
freshman year data science students who just discovered Python and R. More
diff --git a/_posts/2024-11-17-cli-file-managers.md b/_posts/2024-11-17-cli-file-managers.md
index 24e6ade..d8046a1 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-11-17-cli-file-managers.md
+++ b/_posts/2024-11-17-cli-file-managers.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ layout : post
title : "Program Spotlight: CLI File Managers (Yazi & Midnight Commander)"
date : 2024-11-17 17:00
tags : [Software]
+description: "Yazi vs Midnight Commander: two very different CLI file managers and where each one shines."
---
While graphical file managers dominate desktop workflows, **command-line
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ system administrators, and command-line enthusiasts. They offer unparalleled
speed, flexibility, and efficiency, particularly in environments where graphical
user interfaces are unavailable or unnecessary.
+
+
Among the diverse options available, **Yazi** and **Midnight Commander (MC)**
stand out as two of the most interesting choices for very different reasons. In
this article, we’ll explore their features and delve into why **Midnight
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ unique advantages, such as:
## Yazi: Sleek and Modern with a Familiar Twist
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
**Yazi** is a relatively new CLI file manager that has quickly gained attention
for its minimalistic yet powerful design. It combines traditional CLI speed with
@@ -67,7 +70,7 @@ through directories and preview files or pictures without opening them.
## Midnight Commander: A Timeless Workhorse
-
+{: loading="lazy" }
**Midnight Commander (MC)** has stood the test of time, remaining a favorite
among CLI enthusiasts for decades. With its **dual-pane interface**, extensive
diff --git a/_posts/2024-11-20-docker-for-R.md b/_posts/2024-11-20-docker-for-R.md
index 45a36fb..a4df6ec 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-11-20-docker-for-R.md
+++ b/_posts/2024-11-20-docker-for-R.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ layout : post
title : "Docker for R projects"
date : 2024-11-20 18:08
tags : [R, Docker, Reproducibility, Software]
+description: "A practical intro to Docker for R projects: reproducible environments, collaboration, and when containers pay off."
---
For years, R users have been known for their knack for analytical thinking, not
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@ ggplots. But as the complexity of data science workflows has grown, the ability
to manage environments, ensure reproducibility, and collaborate effectively has
become critical. That’s where Docker comes in.
+
+
At its core, Docker is a platform that helps you package and run applications in
isolated environments called containers. A container is like a virtual box that
holds everything your R project needs to run—R itself, libraries, system
diff --git a/_posts/2024-11-21-mini-pc.md b/_posts/2024-11-21-mini-pc.md
index 4a9efbe..faa9a48 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-11-21-mini-pc.md
+++ b/_posts/2024-11-21-mini-pc.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ layout : post
title : "Mini PC: a Viable Desktop Replacement in 2024"
date : 2024-11-21 08:50
tags : [Hardware, Mini PC]
+description: "After testing a mini PC as a TV-box replacement, why I think small-form-factor desktops are viable daily drivers."
---
Several months ago I started looking for something that would replace the
@@ -12,6 +13,8 @@ great alternative to traditional desktops and laptops. They are powerful,
portable, and affordable. In this post, I will discuss the benefits of mini PCs
and why you should consider getting one.
+
+
## What is a mini pc
Mini PCs are small form factor computers that are designed to be compact. They
diff --git a/_posts/2024-03-13-program-spotlight-rclone.md b/_posts/2026-08-15-program-spotlight-rclone.md
similarity index 98%
rename from _posts/2024-03-13-program-spotlight-rclone.md
rename to _posts/2026-08-15-program-spotlight-rclone.md
index d03bae4..349f87f 100644
--- a/_posts/2024-03-13-program-spotlight-rclone.md
+++ b/_posts/2026-08-15-program-spotlight-rclone.md
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
layout : post
title : "Program Spotlight: Rclone"
date : 2026-08-15 10:00
-tags : [Software, backup, cloud, photography]
+tags : [Software, Backup, Cloud, Photography]
+description: "Rclone is rsync for cloud storage — plus my favourite offline use case: ingesting photos and videos from a camera."
---
**Rclone** is one of those command-line tools that you don't realize you need
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ to and from cloud storage, often described as "rsync for cloud storage". It
supports dozens of providers like Google Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox, and
S3-compatible storage.
+
+
But my favourite use case for rclone has nothing to do with the cloud at all.
It's copying photos and videos from a camera to my computer — and doing it
reliably, which a simple drag and drop often isn't.
diff --git a/_posts/2026-09-01-renv-vs-docker.md b/_posts/2026-09-01-renv-vs-docker.md
index dd0ebb5..d5068c4 100644
--- a/_posts/2026-09-01-renv-vs-docker.md
+++ b/_posts/2026-09-01-renv-vs-docker.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ layout : post
title : "renv vs Docker: when to use each"
date : 2026-09-01 10:00
tags : [R, Docker, Reproducibility]
+description: "renv and Docker solve different halves of reproducibility — when each is enough and when you need both."
---
A while back I wrote about [Docker for R projects][5], and the most common
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@ problem, and knowing which half you need saves a lot of frustration. In this
post I want to compare the two tools directly and give some practical guidance
on when each is the right choice.
+
+
## What renv locks down
renv works at the **package level**. It gives every project its own private
diff --git a/_posts/2026-09-08-quarto-vs-jupyter.md b/_posts/2026-09-08-quarto-vs-jupyter.md
index 6f28946..620803e 100644
--- a/_posts/2026-09-08-quarto-vs-jupyter.md
+++ b/_posts/2026-09-08-quarto-vs-jupyter.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ layout : post
title : "Quarto for reproducible reports vs Jupyter"
date : 2026-09-08 10:00
tags : [Quarto, Jupyter, Reproducibility, Data Science]
+description: "Notebooks are great sketchpads and terrible deliverables — why Quarto's plain-text, render-from-clean-state documents beat Jupyter for anything meant to be read."
---
Some time ago I wrote about running [C++ notebooks in Emacs' Org mode][3]. That
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@ results, and prose. In this post I want to apply that same argument to everyday
data science work and compare [Jupyter][2] notebooks with [Quarto][1] documents
for anything that deserves to be called a *report*.
+
+
## The notebook problem
I like Jupyter. For poking at an unfamiliar dataset it is hard to beat: run a
@@ -104,6 +107,6 @@ they are just not the thing I hand over at the end.
[1]: https://quarto.org/
[2]: https://jupyter.org/
-[3]: https://davidbudzynski.github.io/2024/04/15/cpp-notebooks-org-mode.html
+[3]: {% post_url 2024-03-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode %}
[4]: https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/
[5]: https://pandoc.org/
diff --git a/_posts/2026-09-15-python-data-work-without-jupyter.md b/_posts/2026-09-15-python-data-work-without-jupyter.md
index d7bd0c4..9cb2f4f 100644
--- a/_posts/2026-09-15-python-data-work-without-jupyter.md
+++ b/_posts/2026-09-15-python-data-work-without-jupyter.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ layout : post
title : "Writing Python for data work without Jupyter"
date : 2026-09-15 10:00
tags : [Python, Data Science]
+description: "After years of R Markdown and Makefiles, Jupyter never grew on me — the plain-text Python workflow I use instead, from REPL to scripts an AI agent can actually read."
---
When I moved most of my work from R to Python, everyone assumed I would live in
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ version control, and these days plain text files are something my AI coding
agent can actually work with — which matters to me quite a lot. This post is the
workflow I use instead, and why I think notebooks have lost their advantage.
+
+
## Exploration: the REPL is enough
The first thing people reach for in a notebook is interactivity: run something,
diff --git a/_posts/2026-09-22-handwritten-notes-fountain-pen.md b/_posts/2026-09-22-handwritten-notes-fountain-pen.md
index 768f93f..a8ce909 100644
--- a/_posts/2026-09-22-handwritten-notes-fountain-pen.md
+++ b/_posts/2026-09-22-handwritten-notes-fountain-pen.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ layout : post
title : "Why I still write by hand"
date : 2026-09-22 10:00
tags : [Productivity, Writing, Tooling]
+description: "In a world of AI meeting transcripts nobody reads, why a fountain pen and two-thirds of a page still wins for thinking."
---
In a corporate world every meeting now comes with an AI aide that happily spits
@@ -10,6 +11,8 @@ out four pages of transcript-flavoured "notes" nobody will ever read. I go the
other way: a fountain pen, decent ink, good paper, and two thirds of a page
that is actually useful.
+
+
This comes from a long-time Org mode user, not a pen-and-paper romantic. For
many years I kept my work notes in Org mode and I still think it is great. But
after moving jobs I ran into the usual corporate friction: different
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ hold on to. The pen gives you two thirds of a page you actually thought about
[1]: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09914-w
[2]: {% post_url 2024-03-10-split-keyboard %}
-[3]: {% post_url 2024-04-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode %}
+[3]: {% post_url 2024-03-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode %}
[4]: https://www.lamy.com/en-us/p/lamy-safari-fountain-pen
[5]: https://www.pilot-custom.jp/en/
[6]: https://platinumpenusa.com/luxury-writing/3776-collection/
diff --git a/about.md b/about.md
index 0462045..a18f561 100644
--- a/about.md
+++ b/about.md
@@ -19,3 +19,6 @@ keyboards to CLI file managers.
I'm easy to reach on [GitHub](https://github.com/davidbudzynski). If a post is
wrong, outdated, or just badly worded, the comments below each article are the
best place to tell me.
+
+You can browse the [archive](/archive/) and [tags](/tags/), see what I
+[maintain](/projects/), or follow along [via RSS](/feed.xml).
diff --git a/archive.md b/archive.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8deb2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/archive.md
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+---
+layout: page
+title: Archive
+permalink: /archive/
+description: "All posts by year."
+---
+
+All posts, newest first. See also [Tags](/tags/).
+
+{% assign posts_by_year = site.posts | group_by_exp: "post", "post.date | date: '%Y'" %}
+{% for year in posts_by_year %}
+## {{ year.name }}
+
+
+{% endfor %}
diff --git a/index.markdown b/index.markdown
index 0671507..7c68c45 100644
--- a/index.markdown
+++ b/index.markdown
@@ -4,3 +4,8 @@
layout: home
---
+
+I write about R and Python workflows, reproducible environments, Linux
+tooling, and self-hosting. Start with the [About](/about/) page, browse by
+[Tags](/tags/) or [Archive](/archive/), [search](/search/) the posts, or
+follow along [via RSS](/feed.xml).
diff --git a/search.json b/search.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad79ece
--- /dev/null
+++ b/search.json
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+layout: null
+---
+[
+ {% for post in site.posts %}
+ {
+ "title": {{ post.title | jsonify }},
+ "url": {{ post.url | relative_url | jsonify }},
+ "date": {{ post.date | date: "%Y-%m-%d" | jsonify }},
+ "tags": {{ post.tags | jsonify }},
+ "description": {{ post.description | default: post.excerpt | strip_html | strip_newlines | truncate: 160 | jsonify }}
+ }{% unless forloop.last %},{% endunless %}
+ {% endfor %}
+]
diff --git a/search.md b/search.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb129cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/search.md
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+layout: page
+title: Search
+permalink: /search/
+description: "Search posts by title, tag, or description."
+---
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/tests/test_site.rb b/tests/test_site.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fed1a3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_site.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+# Static regression tests for the Jekyll blog.
+#
+# Stdlib only (minitest + yaml) so they run with any working Ruby and no
+# `bundle install`:
+#
+# ruby -Itests tests/test_site.rb
+#
+# They validate front matter consistency, config hardening, navigation
+# pages, and internal links without needing a Jekyll build.
+
+require "minitest/autorun"
+require "yaml"
+require "date"
+require "set"
+
+ROOT = File.expand_path("..", __dir__)
+POSTS_DIR = File.join(ROOT, "_posts")
+DRAFTS_DIR = File.join(ROOT, "_drafts")
+
+def read_file(path)
+ File.read(path, encoding: "utf-8")
+end
+
+# Returns [front_matter_hash, body_string] using a real YAML parser.
+def parse_front_matter(text)
+ lines = text.lines
+ return [{}, text] unless lines.first&.strip == "---"
+
+ closing = lines[1..].index { |line| line.strip == "---" }
+ return [{}, text] if closing.nil?
+
+ fm_text = lines[1, closing].join
+ body = lines[(closing + 2)..]&.join.to_s
+ data = YAML.safe_load(fm_text, permitted_classes: [Date, Time, DateTime]) || {}
+ [data, body]
+end
+
+# Front-matter dates may parse to String, Date, Time, or DateTime.
+# Normalizes all of them to "YYYY-MM-DD".
+def front_date_prefix(value)
+ if value.respond_to?(:strftime)
+ value.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
+ else
+ value.to_s[0, 10]
+ end
+end
+
+def post_files
+ Dir.children(POSTS_DIR).select { |f| f.end_with?(".md") }.sort
+end
+
+def markdown_files(dir)
+ Dir.children(dir).select { |f| f.end_with?(".md") }.sort
+end
+
+class ConfigTest < Minitest::Test
+ def setup
+ @config = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "_config.yml"))
+ end
+
+ def test_lang
+ assert_includes @config, "lang: en-GB"
+ end
+
+ def test_timezone_uk
+ assert_includes @config, "timezone: Europe/London"
+ end
+
+ def test_permalink_has_no_categories
+ permalink = @config[/^permalink:\s*(.+)$/, 1]
+ refute_nil permalink, "permalink must be explicit"
+ refute_includes permalink, ":categories"
+ assert_includes permalink, ":year"
+ assert_includes permalink, ":title"
+ end
+
+ def test_future_posts_stay_hidden
+ assert_match(/^future:\s*false/, @config)
+ end
+
+ def test_excerpts
+ assert_includes @config, "excerpt_separator:"
+ assert_includes @config, "show_excerpts: true"
+ end
+
+ def test_header_pages
+ %w[about.md projects.md archive.md tags.html search.md].each do |page|
+ assert_includes @config, page, "header_pages missing #{page}"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_plugins
+ %w[jekyll-feed jekyll-sitemap jekyll-seo-tag jekyll-redirect-from].each do |plugin|
+ assert_includes @config, plugin, "plugin missing: #{plugin}"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_minima_skin
+ assert_includes @config, "skin: auto"
+ end
+
+ def test_url
+ assert_includes @config, "https://davidbudzynski.github.io"
+ end
+
+ def test_tests_dir_excluded_from_build
+ assert_includes @config, "tests/"
+ end
+end
+
+class PostFrontMatterTest < Minitest::Test
+ def test_all_posts
+ files = post_files
+ assert_operator files.length, :>=, 10, "expected at least 10 posts"
+ files.each { |fname| check_post(fname) }
+ end
+
+ def check_post(fname)
+ ctx = "post #{fname}"
+ assert_match(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}-.+\.md$/, fname,
+ "#{ctx}: filename must be YYYY-MM-DD-slug.md")
+ fm, = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(POSTS_DIR, fname)))
+ assert_equal "post", fm["layout"], "#{ctx}: layout must be post"
+ assert fm["title"] && !fm["title"].to_s.empty?, "#{ctx}: title is required"
+ assert fm["date"], "#{ctx}: date is required"
+ # Filename date must match front-matter date (prevents URL confusion).
+ assert_equal fname[0, 10], front_date_prefix(fm["date"]),
+ "#{ctx}: filename date != front-matter date"
+ # Tags must be a non-empty list (never a bare string).
+ tags = fm["tags"]
+ assert_kind_of Array, tags, "#{ctx}: tags must be a YAML list like [R]"
+ refute_empty tags, "#{ctx}: tags must not be empty"
+ tags.each do |tag|
+ assert !tag.to_s.strip.empty?, "#{ctx}: tags must not contain blanks"
+ end
+ lowered = tags.map { |t| t.to_s.downcase }
+ assert_equal lowered.uniq.length, tags.length, "#{ctx}: duplicate tags"
+ # Legacy single-category URLs are gone; permalink is explicit.
+ refute fm.key?("category"), "#{ctx}: use tags, not category"
+ refute fm.key?("categories"), "#{ctx}: use tags, not categories"
+ # SEO description required.
+ desc = fm["description"]
+ assert_kind_of String, desc, "#{ctx}: description is required"
+ assert_operator desc.length, :>=, 20,
+ "#{ctx}: description should be a full sentence (20+ chars)"
+ end
+
+ def test_legacy_category_urls_preserved
+ expected = {
+ "2021-10-25-two-years-in-linux.md" => "/general/2021/10/25/two-years-in-linux.html",
+ "2022-04-23-r-native-placeholder.md" => "/general/2022/04/23/r-native-placeholder.html",
+ "2024-03-10-split-keyboard.md" => "/general/2024/03/10/split-keyboard.html",
+ "2024-04-13-firefox-customization.md" => "/general/2024/04/13/firefox-customization.html"
+ }
+ expected.each do |fname, old_url|
+ fm, = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(POSTS_DIR, fname)))
+ assert_kind_of Array, fm["redirect_from"], "#{fname}: redirect_from required"
+ assert_includes fm["redirect_from"], old_url, fname
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_renamed_files_match_front_matter
+ assert File.exist?(File.join(POSTS_DIR, "2026-08-15-program-spotlight-rclone.md"))
+ assert File.exist?(File.join(POSTS_DIR, "2024-03-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md"))
+ refute File.exist?(File.join(POSTS_DIR, "2024-03-13-program-spotlight-rclone.md"))
+ refute File.exist?(File.join(POSTS_DIR, "2024-04-15-cpp-notebooks-org-mode.md"))
+ end
+end
+
+class ExcerptMarkerTest < Minitest::Test
+ # Every post/draft must contain the excerpt_separator marker.
+ # With a custom excerpt_separator, Jekyll uses the WHOLE article as the
+ # excerpt when the marker is missing — the home page then renders full
+ # articles instead of previews. These tests make that failure loud.
+ def check_dir(directory)
+ files = markdown_files(directory)
+ refute_empty files, "expected markdown files in #{directory}"
+ files.each do |fname|
+ _, body = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(directory, fname)))
+ assert_includes body, "",
+ "#{fname}: missing excerpt marker — home page would show full text"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_posts_have_markers
+ check_dir(POSTS_DIR)
+ end
+
+ def test_drafts_have_markers
+ check_dir(DRAFTS_DIR)
+ end
+end
+
+class PostImagesTest < Minitest::Test
+ IMG_RE = %r{!\[([^\]]*)\]\(([^)]+)\)}
+
+ def test_images_exist_lazy_and_descriptive
+ post_files.each do |fname|
+ text = read_file(File.join(POSTS_DIR, fname))
+ _, body = parse_front_matter(text)
+ alts = []
+ body.scan(IMG_RE) do |alt, src|
+ ctx = "post #{fname}, image #{src}"
+ assert_operator alt.strip.length, :>=, 4,
+ "#{ctx}: alt text must be descriptive"
+ alts << alt.strip.downcase
+ if src.start_with?("/assets/")
+ assert File.exist?(File.join(ROOT, src.delete_prefix("/"))),
+ "#{ctx}: missing image file"
+ end
+ line = body.each_line.find { |l| l.include?(src) }
+ assert_includes line, 'loading="lazy"',
+ "#{ctx}: image should lazy-load"
+ end
+ assert_equal alts.uniq.length, alts.length,
+ "#{fname}: duplicate alt text"
+ end
+ end
+end
+
+class PagesTest < Minitest::Test
+ def test_archive
+ fm, body = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(ROOT, "archive.md")))
+ assert_equal "/archive/", fm["permalink"]
+ assert_includes body, "group_by_exp"
+ end
+
+ def test_search_page
+ fm, body = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(ROOT, "search.md")))
+ assert_equal "/search/", fm["permalink"]
+ assert_includes body, "search.json"
+ assert_includes body, "search-input"
+ end
+
+ def test_search_index
+ fm, text = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(ROOT, "search.json")))
+ # `layout: null` parses to nil in real YAML — which is exactly what
+ # Jekyll wants for "no layout".
+ assert_nil fm["layout"]
+ assert_includes text, "site.posts"
+ assert_includes text, "post.description"
+ end
+
+ def test_tags_page
+ fm, = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(ROOT, "tags.html")))
+ assert_equal "/tags/", fm["permalink"]
+ end
+
+ def test_404_links_home_archive_tags
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "404.html"))
+ assert_includes text, '"/" | relative_url'
+ assert_includes text, "/archive/"
+ assert_includes text, "/tags/"
+ end
+
+ def test_home_intro_links
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "index.markdown"))
+ %w[/about/ /tags/ /archive/ /search/ /feed.xml].each do |link|
+ assert_includes text, link, "home missing link #{link}"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_about_crosslinks
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "about.md"))
+ %w[/archive/ /tags/ /projects/ /feed.xml].each do |link|
+ assert_includes text, link, "about missing link #{link}"
+ end
+ end
+end
+
+class LayoutsTest < Minitest::Test
+ def test_home_prefers_description_over_excerpt
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "_layouts", "home.html"))
+ assert_includes text, "post.description"
+ assert_includes text, "post.excerpt",
+ "home must fall back to excerpt when description missing"
+ assert_includes text, "post-list"
+ assert_includes text, "rss-subscribe"
+ end
+
+ def test_post_layout_nav_related_comments
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "_layouts", "post.html"))
+ assert_includes text, "page.previous"
+ assert_includes text, "page.next"
+ # Jekyll: site.posts is newest-first, so previous == older post,
+ # next == newer post. Labels must match that order.
+ prev_block = text.split("page.previous")[1].split("endif").first
+ assert_includes prev_block, "Older"
+ next_block = text.split("page.next")[1].split("endif").first
+ assert_includes next_block, "Newer"
+ assert_includes text, "Related posts"
+ assert_includes text, 'include utterances.html issue-term="pathname"'
+ refute_includes text, "prepend: 'Comments:"
+ end
+
+ def test_utterances_stable_and_accessible
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "_includes", "utterances.html"))
+ assert_includes text, "default: 'pathname'"
+ assert_includes text, ""
+ end
+
+ def test_head_polish
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "_includes", "head.html"))
+ assert_includes text, "theme-color"
+ assert_includes text, "apple-touch-icon"
+ end
+end
+
+class LinksTest < Minitest::Test
+ def test_post_url_tags_resolve
+ slugs = post_files.map { |f| f[0...-3] }.to_set
+ pages = %w[projects.md about.md archive.md]
+ pages += post_files.map { |f| File.join("_posts", f) }
+ if Dir.exist?(DRAFTS_DIR)
+ pages += markdown_files(DRAFTS_DIR).map { |f| File.join("_drafts", f) }
+ end
+ pages.each do |page|
+ path = File.join(ROOT, page)
+ next unless File.exist?(path)
+
+ read_file(path).scan(/{%\s*post_url\s+(\S+)\s*%}/) do |(slug)|
+ slug = File.basename(slug.delete_prefix("'").delete_suffix("'")
+ .delete_prefix('"').delete_suffix('"'))
+ assert_includes slugs, slug, "#{page}: broken post_url #{slug}"
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_no_ds_store
+ offenders = []
+ search_dirs = Dir.glob(File.join(ROOT, "**")).reject do |d|
+ d.include?("/.git/") || d.include?("/vendor/")
+ end
+ search_dirs.each do |dir|
+ next unless File.directory?(dir)
+
+ offenders << dir if File.exist?(File.join(dir, ".DS_Store"))
+ end
+ assert_empty offenders, ".DS_Store found in: #{offenders.join(', ')}"
+ assert_includes read_file(File.join(ROOT, ".gitignore")), ".DS_Store"
+ end
+end
+
+class LicenseTest < Minitest::Test
+ def test_license_gpl_for_code_cc_for_content
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "LICENSE.md"))
+ assert_includes text, "GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE"
+ assert_includes text, "Version 3"
+ assert_includes text, "David Budzyński"
+ assert_includes text, "code blocks",
+ "LICENSE must state that post code examples are GPLv3"
+ assert_includes text, "BY-NC-ND",
+ "prose and images must carry the CC BY-NC-ND grant"
+ assert_includes text, "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd",
+ "LICENSE must link the CC deed"
+ refute_includes text, "Permission is hereby granted",
+ "code must not carry the MIT grant"
+ end
+
+ def test_footer_shows_rights_notice
+ text = read_file(File.join(ROOT, "_includes", "footer.html"))
+ assert_includes text, "BY-NC-ND"
+ assert_includes text, "LICENSE"
+ end
+
+ def test_readme_points_at_license
+ assert_includes read_file(File.join(ROOT, "README.md")), "LICENSE"
+ end
+end
+
+class DraftsTest < Minitest::Test
+ def test_drafts_have_basics
+ skip "no _drafts dir" unless Dir.exist?(DRAFTS_DIR)
+
+ files = markdown_files(DRAFTS_DIR)
+ refute_empty files, "expected drafts"
+ files.each do |fname|
+ fm, = parse_front_matter(read_file(File.join(DRAFTS_DIR, fname)))
+ assert_equal "post", fm["layout"], "draft #{fname}"
+ assert fm["title"] && !fm["title"].to_s.empty?, "draft #{fname}: title required"
+ assert_kind_of Array, fm["tags"], "draft #{fname}: tags must be a list"
+ end
+ end
+end